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. 2020 Jul 6;128(7):077001. doi: 10.1289/EHP5184

Table 5.

Adjusted difference (β) in lipid outcome in offspring at 3 months and 18 months of age for 1-unit (ng/mL) increase in maternal pregnancy serum PFAA concentration obtained from linear regression models.

Compound (ng/mL) Total cholesterol SDS LDL SDS HDL SDS Triglyceride SDS
β (95% CI) p β (95% CI) p β (95% CI) p β (95% CI) p
PFHxS
 3 monthsa 0.08 (0.33, 0.17) 0.54 0.01 (0.24, 0.26) 0.93 0.08 (0.34, 0.18) 0.55 0.18 (0.07, 0.44) 0.16
 18 monthsb 0.06 (0.32, 0.21) 0.68 0.06 (0.35, 0.22) 0.65 0.02 (0.23, 0.27) 0.89 0.24 (0.51, 0.04) 0.09
PFOS
 3 monthsa 0.01 (0.03, 0.04) 0.66 0.02 (0.02, 0.05) 0.41 0.003 (0.04, 0.04) 0.89 0.01 (0.05, 0.02) 0.50
 18 monthsb 0.02 (0.05, 0.08) 0.60 0.04 (0.03, 0.10) 0.28 0.03 (0.09, 0.02) 0.26 0.001 (0.06, 0.07) 0.99
PFOA
 3 monthsa 0.08 (0.18, 0.03) 0.14 0.02 (0.13, 0.08) 0.65 0.07 (0.17, 0.04) 0.22 0.03 (0.13, 0.08) 0.61
 18 monthsb 0.07 (0.07, 0.22) 0.32 0.04 (0.12, 0.20) 0.63 0.05 (0.19, 0.09) 0.48 0.10 (0.05, 0.26) 0.19
PFNA
 3 monthsa 0.15 (0.44, 0.13) 0.30 0.06 (0.35, 0.23) 0.67 0.04 (0.34, 0.26) 0.78 0.10 (0.39, 0.20) 0.52
 18 monthsb 0.37 (0.05, 0.79) 0.08 0.24 (0.21, 0.70) 0.29 0.001 (0.41, 0.40) 0.98 0.18 (0.26, 0.63) 0.41
PFDA
 3 monthsa 0.23 (0.90, 0.43) 0.49 0.05 (0.73, 0.62) 0.87 0.004 (0.68, 0.69) 0.99 0.21 (0.88, 0.47) 0.55
 18 monthsb 1.06 (0.08, 2.03) 0.03 0.64 (0.43, 1.71) 0.24 0.13 (1.08, 0.83) 0.79 0.92 (0.11, 1.95) 0.08

Note: CI, confidence interval; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PFDA, perfluorodecanoic acid; PFHxS, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid; PFNA, perfluorononanoic acid; PFOA, perfluorooctanoic acid; PFOS, perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; SDS, standard deviation scores.

a

Adjusted for maternal age, parity, prepregnancy BMI, prepregnancy BMI2, educational level, smoking, and sex (n=260 for total cholesterol SDS, HDL SDS, and triglyceride SDS; and n=258 for LDL SDS).

b

Adjusted for maternal age, parity, prepregnancy BMI, prepregnancy BMI2, educational level, smoking, sex, and lipid outcome at age 3 months (n=83 for all markers of lipid metabolism).