Table 6.

Examples of multi-enzyme immobilization systems based on silica.

Materials	Model enzymes	Applications	Types of multi-immobilization	References
Aminoalkylethoxysilane activated silica beads	GOx and HRP	Preparation of gluconic acid from glucose	Random co-immobilization	Van Aken et al., 2000
Catechol-modified gelatin-silica microcapsules	FateDH, FaldDH and YADH	Preparation of methanol from CO2	Compartmentalization	Wang et al., 2014
Nanoscale silica layers	Cellulase, glucokinase and phosphoglucose dehydrogenase	Preparation of cellobiose from 6-phosphogluconolactone	Compartmentalization	Begum et al., 2015
Poly(acrylic acid) brushes-nano spherical silica	GOx and HRP	Detection of glucose	Random co-immobilization	Zhao et al., 2016
SiO2 nanoparticle colloidosomes	GOx and lignin peroxidase	Preparation of ethyl acetate from pyridine-N-oxide	Compartmentalization	Liu et al., 2018
Core-shell magnetic SiO2 hybrid nanoparticles	Cellulase and lysozyme	Biocatalysis (cell-walls degradation)	Random co-immobilization	Chen Q. et al., 2018
Amino-modified Fe3O4/SiO2 core-shell nanospheres	Glucoamylase and α-amylase	Preparation of glucose from starch	Random co-immobilization	Bian et al., 2018