Table 7.

Examples of multi-enzyme immobilization systems based on other materials.

Materials	Model enzymes	Applications	Types of multi-immobilization	References
Nanoporous gold	GOx and lignin peroxidase	Preparation of gluconic acid from glucose	Random co-immobilization	Qiu et al., 2009
Amino-modified silver dendritic hierarchical nanostructure	GOx and glucoamylase	Preparation of gluconic acid from starch	Random co-immobilization	Rezaei et al., 2019
OilGOxopa-functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles	Formate dehydrogenase and formaldehyde dehydrogenase	Preparation of formaldehyde from CO2	Compartmentalization	Shi et al., 2012
PDA-PEI/TiO2 hybrid microcapsules	GOx, catalase	Preparation of gluconic acid from glucose	Random co-immobilization	Shi et al., 2015
Agarose beads modified by glyoxyl and boronate	NADH oxidase, formate dehydrogenase and peroxidase	Preparation of insoluble phenolic derivatives from aromatic compound (phenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-aminophenol or α-naphthol), formic acid	Random co-immobilization	Rocha-Martin et al., 2014
Octyl-modified agarose	Lipase and β-galactosidase	Preparation of galactose from triacetin and lactose	Compartmentalization	Peirce et al., 2016