Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| # | Sex & age | Diagnosis | Biopsy | MRI findings | TSPO-PET | Immunosuppressive therapy & onset before scan | Genetic binding type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | M−50 | PACNS (diagnosis established by PET/MRI targeted biopsy) | Perivascular necrosis, accumulated TSPO-positive microglia/macrophages | Sub-centimeter lesions with contrast medium leakage in the left hemisphere and unilateral atrophy of the left cerebral peduncle and left brain stem | Tracer uptake in left-sided basal ganglia, cerebral peduncle and left brain stem | None | Medium affinity |
| 2 | F–60 | PACNS (diagnosis established by angiography before PET scan) | – | Subacute infarctions of the right splenium and right occipital pole. Right ICA occlusion and left ICA stenosis, both with vessel wall enhancement | Right-dominant tracer uptake of the whole cerebral hemisphere | Glucocorticoids 4 days | Medium affinity |
| 3 | F–45 | PACNS (diagnosis established by angiography shortly before PET scan) | – | Infarction of the left internal capsule and right cerebellum | No pathologic tracer uptake | Glucocorticoids 9 days, cyclophosphamide 4 days | Medium affinity |
| 4 | M–52 | PACNS (diagnosis established by angiography shortly before scan) | – | Small subacute stroke semi oval center, ubiquitous artery inflammation | No pathologic tracer uptake | Glucocorticoids 13 days | Medium affinity |
| 5 | F–37 | Cerebral predominant lymphocytic vasculitis (diagnosis established by biopsy before scan) | Perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates (muscle and skin-biopsy) | Several acute and subacute infarctions at both hemispheres | Mild tracer uptake in the peri-infarct region of subacute infarction | Glucocorticoids 4 days | Not sequenced |
| 6 | M–24 | Singular media infarct of unknown etiology | – | Infarction of the right MCA territory (corona radiata, temporo-occipital and insular) | Focal tracer uptake at the infarction site | Glucocorticoids 4 days | High affinity |
| 7 | M–51 | Singular media infarct due to arteriosclerotic large vessel disease | – | Infarction of the right MCA territory | Strong tracer uptake in the peri-infarct regions | None | Not sequenced |
| 8 | M–71 | Several subacute partially hemorrhagic infarctions of unknown etiology | – | Subacute partially hemorrhagic infarctions temporal right and occipital left. New diffusion restrictions occipital right and left splenium | Mild tracer uptake in the peri-infarct regions of subacute infarctions | None | High affinity |
| 9 | M–32 | Moyamoya disease (diagnosis established by angiography and biopsy) | No perivascular inflammation. Mildly elevated diffuse TSPO-expression | Bilateral infarction of the ACA territories | Focal tracer uptake at the infarction sites | Glucocorticoids 7 days | High affinity |