Time line of patient (Pat.) sampling. Each line starts with the date of diagnosis, then the first blood collection (in orange), the start of treatment (in red), the end of treatment (in green), the time at which the post-treatment sample was collected, and the corresponding minimal residual disease (MRD) status, as determined by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), indicated by a + for positive and − for negative. The blue pin indicates the time of the last patient visit in which the patient’s disease status was the same as when the post-treatment serum sample was collected.