Table 1.
Demographics and Injury Characteristics
| Included subjects n = 50 | Subjects excluded because of incomplete outcome data n = 26 | Included subjects without another bodily injury n = 42 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| Median (IQR) | 12.5 (8–15) | 14 (8–15) | 13 (8–15) |
| Mean (SD) | 11.4 (3.9) | 11.5 (4.8) | 11.3 (4.0) |
| Range | 3–16 | 3–16 | 3–16 |
| Male, n (%) | 39 (78%) | 13 (50%) | 35 (83%) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| White non-Hispanic, n (%) | 32 (64%) | 4 (15%) | 26 (62%) |
| Non-white, non-Hispanic, n (%) | 9 (18%) | 9 (34%) | 7 (17.0%) |
| Hispanic or Latino, n (%) | 9 (18%) | 12 (46%) | 9 (21%) |
| Insurance | |||
| Employer/Exchange, n (%) | 36 (72%) | 9 (35%) | 29 (69%) |
| Medicaid/Uninsured, n (%) | 14 (28%) | 10 (38%) | 13 (31%) |
| Maternal education level | |||
| Less than high school, n (%) | 5 (10%) | 2 (8%) | 5 (12%) |
| High school grad.-some college, n (%) | 13 (26%) | 10 (38%) | 11 (26%) |
| College grad. or above, n (%) | 32 (64%) | 9 (35%) | 26 (62%) |
| Medical historya | |||
| Reported ADD or ADHD | 10 (20%) | 5 (19%) | 10 (24%) |
| Severity indicators | |||
| LOC, n (%) | 23 (46%) | 19 (45%) | 21 (50%) |
| GCS in ED of 15, n (%) | 38 (76%) | 20 (77%) | 18 (93%) |
| GCS in ED of 13 or 14, n (%) | 12 (24%) | 6 (23%) | 3 (7%) |
| Intracranial lesion (CT or MRI) | 16 (32%) | 7 (27%) | 13 (31%) |
| Other injury | 8 (16%) | 7 (27%) | NA |
| Orthopedic fracture, n (%) | 6 (12%) | 6 (23%) | NA |
| Other bodily injury, n (%) | 2 (4%) | 6 (23%) | NA |
| Mechanism of injury | |||
| Fall, n (%) | 28 (56%) | 7 (27%) | 24 (57%) |
| Sports, n (%) | 8 (16%) | 2 (8%) | 8 (19%) |
| Motor vehicle, n (%) | 11 (22%) | 16 (61%) | 8 (19%) |
| Other, n (%) | 3 (6%) | 1 (4%) | 2 (5%) |
| Hospital unit | |||
| ED only, n (%) | 6 (12%) | 3 (12%) | 6 (14%) |
| Hospital no ICU, n (%) | 24 (48%) | 14 (54%) | 20 (48%) |
| Hospital ICU, n (%) | 20 (40%) | 9 (35%) | 16 (38%) |
| GOSE-P scores at 2 weeks, n (%) | |||
| 1-Upper Good Recovery | 19 (38%) | 18 (43%) | |
| 2-Lower Good Recovery | 8 (16%) | 8 (19%) | |
| 3-Upper Moderate Disability | 9 (18%) | - | 7 (17%) |
| 4-Lower Moderate Disability | 4 (8%) | 2 (5%) | |
| 5-Upper Severe Disability | 4 (8%) | 2 (5%) | |
| 6-Lower Severe Disability | 6 (12%) | 5 (12%) |
1
Medical history is based on parent or self-report.
b
Includes the three most common mechanisms of injury.
IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; ADD, attention deficit disorder; ADHD, attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder; LOC, loss of consciousness; GCS, Glasgow Coma Score; ED, emergency department; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; ICU, intensive care unit; GOSE-P, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended, Pediatric Revision.