TABLE 1.
Characteristics of participants according to serum TIMP‐1 quartiles
| Characteristics a | TIMP‐1, ng/mL | P Value for trend | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | <154.4 | 154.4‐185.7 | 185.7‐220.6 | ≥220.6 | ||
| No. of subject | 598 | 148 | 150 | 149 | 151 | — |
| Age, y | 59.9 ± 10.5 | 60.0 ± 10.2 | 58.7 ± 10.0 | 60.9 ± 10.6 | 60.0 ± 11.0 | 0.58 |
| Male sex | 414 (69.2) | 93 (62.8) | 92 (61.3) | 113 (75.8) | 116 (76.8) | 0.001 |
| Education, y | 6.9 ± 3.6 | 6.8 ± 3.5 | 6.8 ± 3.5 | 6.9 ± 3.6 | 7.0 ± 3.9 | 0.59 |
| Current cigarette smoking | 223 (37.3) | 49 (33.1) | 58 (38.7) | 65 (43.6) | 51 (33.8) | 0.71 |
| Current alcohol drinking | 205 (34.3) | 37 (25.0) | 51 (34.0) | 56 (37.6) | 61 (40.4) | 0.004 |
| Time from onset to randomization, h | 10.8 (5.0‐24.0) | 8.6 (4.0‐24.0) | 12.0 (6.0‐24.0) | 12.0(6.0‐24.0) | 9.0 (4.5‐24.0) | 0.45 |
| Baseline systolic BP, mm Hg | 167.3 ± 16.7 | 166.5 ± 16.0 | 167.0 ± 16.7 | 166.8 ± 14.9 | 169.0 ± 18.9 | 0.22 |
| Baseline diastolic BP, mm Hg | 98.3 ± 10.1 | 97.5 ± 9.8 | 99.1 ± 10.0 | 97.5 ± 9.2 | 99.0 ± 11.1 | 0.44 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.9 ± 3.1 | 24.8 ± 3.1 | 25.0 ± 3.2 | 24.9 ± 3.2 | 25.0 ± 3.0 | 0.68 |
| Baseline NIHSS score | 4.0 (3.0‐7.0) | 4.0 (3.0‐8.0) | 4.0 (2.0‐7.0) | 4.0 (3.0‐7.0) | 4.0 (2.0‐7.0) | 0.68 |
| History of hypertension | 462 (77.3) | 114 (77.0) | 120 (80.0) | 110 (73.8) | 118 (78.2) | 0.86 |
| Use of antihypertensive drugs | 266 (44.5) | 64 (43.2) | 71 (47.3) | 63 (42.3) | 68 (45.0) | 0.99 |
| History of coronary heart disease | 64 (10.7) | 16 (10.8) | 12 (8.0) | 17 (11.4) | 19 (12.6) | 0.44 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 102 (17.1) | 23 (15.5) | 24 (16.0) | 24 (16.1) | 31 (20.5) | 0.27 |
| History of hyperlipidemia | 42 (7.0) | 17 (11.5) | 7 (4.7) | 9 (6.0) | 9 (6.0) | 0.11 |
| Family history of stroke | 100 (16.7) | 29 (19.6) | 23 (15.3) | 28 (18.8) | 20 (13.3) | 0.25 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.6 ± 2.7 | 6.6 ± 2.3 | 7.0 ± 3.3 | 6.4 ± 2.3 | 6.6 ± 2.9 | 0.53 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 1.1 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 4.9 ± 1.2 | 0.22 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 2.0 ± 1.3 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 0.55 |
| Low density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 0.83 |
| High‐density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 0.54 |
| Ischaemic stroke subtype | 0.54 | |||||
| Thrombotic | 384 (64.2) | 93 (62.8) | 99 (66.0) | 95 (63.8) | 97 (64.2) | |
| Embolic | 22 (3.7) | 2 (1.4) | 5 (3.3) | 4 (2.7) | 11 (7.3) | |
| Lacunar | 192 (32.1) | 53 (35.8) | 46 (30.7) | 50 (33.6) | 43 (28.5) | |
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke ScaleTIMP‐1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1.
a
Continuous variables are expressed as mean ± SD or as median (interquartile range). Categorical variables are expressed as frequency (percentage).