Table 1.
Person with dementia, descriptive data by severity of cognitive impairment
| Mild | Moderate | Severe | Sig. Test | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 80.2 (7.2) | 82.4 (8.8) | 80.0 (9.2) | F = 2.50, p = 0.08 |
| Gender: male, N (%) | 62 (56.4%) | 55 (55.6%) | 34 (35.1%) | χ2 = 11.62, p = 0.003 |
| Residential status: care home (v own household), N (%) | 6 (5.5%) | 17 (17.0%) | 40 (41.2%) | χ2 = 41.59, p < 0.0001 |
| Ethnicity: White British, N (%) | 105 (96.3%) | 88 (89.8%) | 88 (90.7%) | χ2 = 13.03, p = 0.37 |
| Diagnosis: | χ2 = 4.28, p = 0.83 | |||
| AD, N (%) | 63 (63.0%) | 55 (57.9%) | 58 (61.1%) | |
| VaD, N (%) | 13 (13.0%) | 12 (12.6%) | 14 (14.7%) | |
| LBD, N (%) | 2 (2.0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 3 (3.2%) | |
| FTD, N (%) | 4 (4.0%) | 4 (4.2%) | 1 (1.1%) | |
| Other, N (%) | 18 (18.0%) | 23 (24.2%) | 19 (20.0%) | |
| sMMSE (↑ better cognition), mean (SD) | 24.6 (0.2) | 15.1 (2.9) | 3.6 (3.2) | F = 1360.36, p < 0.0001 |
| QOL SELF-REPORT | ||||
| DEMQOL (↑ better QoL), mean (SD) | 90.5 (13.18) | 92.8 (12.6) | – | t = −1.23, p = 0.22 |
| CASP total (↑ better QoL), mean (SD) | 40.9 (9.5) | 40.1 (8.0) | – | t = 0.58 p = 0.61 |
| EQ-5D Index (↑ better QoL), mean (SD) | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.8 (0.2) | – | t = −0.08, p = 0.94 |
| QOL PROXY-REPORT | ||||
| DEMQOL-Proxy (↑ better QoL), mean (SD) | 93.5 (13.7) | 94.3 (14.4) | 98.1 (13.0) | F = 3.18, p = 0.04 |
| EQ-5D-proxy Index (↑ better QoL), mean (SD) | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.4 (0.3) | F = 26.76, p < 0.0001 |
| COMORBIDITIES | ||||
| NPI total (↑ more neuropsychiatric symptoms), mean (SD) | 12.7 (11.0) | 20.1 (15.5) | 24.1 (16.3) | F = 15.51, p < 0.0001 |
AD Alzheimer’s Disease, BADL Bristol Activities of Daily Living, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, FTD Frontotemporal Dementia, LBD Lewy Body Dementia, NPI Neuropsychiatric Inventory, QoL Quality of Life, sMMSE standardised Mini-Mental State Examination, OARS Older Adult Social Resource Scale, VaD Vascular Dementia
F = F statistic derived from one-way Analysis of Variance, t = t value derived from t-test, χ2 = Chi-square value derived from a Pearson’s Chi-square test