Table 3.
Complications following glaucoma surgery: A comparative overview
| Trab | Trab with express shunt | Baerveldt | AGV | NPDS | MIGS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypotony | 16.8 - 39.3% [32-34] | 10.5% [35] | 13% [32,36] | 2% [36] | 4.3-9.9% [34,37] | 13.8% with Cypass [38] 15.3% with Xen [39] |
| Hypotony maculopathy | 5.18% [35] | 3.17% [35] | 1% [32] | Rare reports [40,41] | 0-2.1% [42,43] | 1.08% with Xen [44] 1.3% with Cypass [45] |
| Hyphaema | 14.9-17.2% [33,34] | 1.6% [35] | 5% [46] | 18.3% [33] | 7.4-12.4% [34,37] | 24.3% with Xen [47] 0.02% for iStent [48,49] 19.04% for Hydrus [50] 2.7% for Cypass [45] |
| Shallow anterior chamber | 11.8-32.1% [33,34] | 4.74% [35] | 3% [46] | 11.11% [33] | 2.9-8.9% [34,37] | 0-2.3% [51] |
| Choroidal detachment | 3.2-15.9% [34,52] | 10.38% [35] | 3% [46] | 12% [53] | 8.6-10.2% [34,37] | 15.3% with Xen [39] |
| Progressive cataract | 29-35% [30,34] | 12% at 2 years [54] | 8% [36] | 8% [36] | 6.6-12.7% [34,37] | 12.2% with Cypass [55] 11.1% with iStent [56] |
| Loss of light perception | 2% [32] | 3.2% [57] | 26% [36] | 12% [36] | No reports yet [17] | |
| Bleb leak | 6.7-13.6% [33,35,44] | 16.8% [35] | 1.93% with Xen [44] | |||
| Endophthalmitis | 1.6% [35] | 1.6% [35] | 0.5-1.4% [58,59] | 1.7% [60] | Rare, isolated reports of blebitis [61] | 0.5% with Xen [62] |
| Endothelial cell loss | -3±8% to 9.6% at 1 year [39, 63] | -10±8% at 12 months [39] | Mainly with anterior chamber implantation 7.2% at 6 months 12% at 1 year [64] 4.54% per year [65] | 9% at 6 months to 12% at 1 year [66] | 4.5% at 1 year [63] | 2.1% in one month with Xen implant in cases with dynamic corneal contact [67], 18.4% with Cypass at 5 years in Compass-XT study (unpublished data) |
| Stent malpositioning | 12.2% with Xen [47] | |||||
| Stent obstruction | 4% with iStent [68] 2.4-5.4% with Cypass [38,45] | |||||
| Need of needling | 23-30.76% over 3 years [44,69] | 15.9% over 30 months follow-up [69] | 43.24% [44] | |||
| Need of Re-surgery | 7-28% over a 5-year period [53,70] | 5.12% during 1st year [71], 30.6% at 3 years [72] | 5.4–17% over 5 years [33,73] | 17–40% over 5-year period [36,53] | 3.7–5.4% after 1–3 years [74,75] | 14.1% with Xen after 12 months of surgery [17] 4.3% with InnFocus at 3 years [76] 7.4% with iStent [39] |