Table 3.

Plant species containing essential oils (EO) with antihyperlipidemic activity demonstrated in preclinical studies (in vivo and in vitro).

No.	Plant species with essential oils	Experimental model/Dose	Findings	References
1.	Apiaceae Foeniculum vulgare Mill.—fennel	Diet induced dyslipidemia in rats/30 mg/kg EO	Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and TG, slight increase of HDL	Al-Okbi et al., 2018
2.	Cuminum cyminum L.—cumin	Diet induced dyslipidemia in rabbits/500 mg/kg EO	Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and TG	Chouhan and Purohit, 2018
	Lamiaceae
3.	Melissa officinalis L.—lemon balm	APOE2 transgenic mice In vitro assessment of cholesterol biosynthesis on HepG2 cells	Reduction of plasma TG Reduction of cellular cholesterol and TG	Jun et al., 2012
4.	Rosmarinus officinalis L.—rosemary	Diet induced dyslipidemia in rats/10 mg/kg EO	Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and TG, slight increase of HDL	Al-Okbi et al., 2018
	Pistaciaceae
5.	Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia—mastic tree	Triton WR1339-induced dyslipidemia in rats In vitro assessment of cholesterol biosynthesis on HepG2 cells	Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and TG Reduction of intracellular cholesterol biosynthesis	Vallianou et al., 2011
	Ranunculaceae
6.	Nigella sativa L.—black cumin	Spontaneously hypertensive rats/800 mg/kg EO	Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and TG	El-Dakhakhny et al., 2000
	Rutaceae
7.	Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck—lemon	Diet induced dyslipidemia in rabbits/250 mg/kg EO	Reduction of total cholesterol, LDL and TG; Reduction of aortic intima thickness	Lee et al., 2018