Fig. 1.

Adjusted predicted prevalence of diabetes (panel A) and cigarette smoking (panel B) among adults 20 years and over by nativity/length of US residence and race and Hispanic origin, United States, 2011–2016.

Diabetes is defined as a self-reported physician’s diagnosis of diabetes or having a measured blood glycohemoglobin (A1c) ≥6.5 mg/dL. Cigarette Smoking is defined as self-reported ever smoking at least 100 cigarettes and currently smoking every day or some days.

^aSignificant decreasing trend from most acculturated (US born) to least acculturated (non-US born < 15 years). p < 0.05.

^bSignificant increasing trend from most acculturated (US born) to least acculturated (non-US born < 15 years). p < 0.05.

Note: NH indicates non-Hispanic; prevalence estimates are from age, sex and education adjusted predicted marginals from logistic regression. Covariate reference groups in models were age (20–39 years), sex (female), and education (college graduate).

Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey