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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 7.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Med. 2019 Nov 9;130:105893. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105893

Table 2.

Unadjusted and adjusted predicted prevalence of CVD risk factors by nativity/length of residence in the US, 2011–2016. Source: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

CVD risk factor/race-Hispanic origin Sample size Unadjusted Adjusted
US born Non-US born ≥ 15 years Non-US born < 15 years US born Non-US born ≥ 15years Non-US born < 15 years
Percent (95% confidence interval) Percent (95% confidence interval)
Hypertension 15,554 48.9 47.4–50.4 46.9 44.8–49.0 27.4 24.5–30.5 48.5 47.0–49.9 43.1 39.9–46.3 38.3 34.6–42.2
Hypercholesterolemia 15,204 30.9 29.6–32.1 30.0 28.1–32.1 16.4 14.5–18.5 30.0 28.8–31.2 29.4 26.8–32.2 27.8 24.8–31.1
Overweight/obesity 15,757 71.5 70.0–73.0 68.4 64.8–71.9 60.6 56.7–64.3 71.1 69.5–72.7 67.8 64.3–71.2 65.6 62.4–68.6
Diabetes
Non-Hispanic white 5895 11.2 10.3–12.2 7.4 4.4–12.0 2.9 1.0–8.6 11.2 10.2–12.2 6.9 4.3–10.9 5.5 2.0–13.9
Non-Hispanic black 3415 18.5 17.1–20.1 19.5 13.1–27.9 12.6 7.9–19.5 18.5 17.0–20.0 16.9 11.5–24.1 16.6 11.0–24.3
Non-Hispanic Asian 1893 6.0 3.7–9.5 18.9 16.3–21.8 11.4 9.0–14.2 9.4 6.0–14.6 14.5 12.4–16.8 15.4 12.4–18.9
Hispanic 3630 14.2 11.7–17.2 19.6 17.4–22.0 8.1 6.1–10.6 16.7 14.2–19.5 14.5 12.7–16.5 11.1 8.6–14.2
Smoking
Non-Hispanic white 6066 19.9 18.0–21.9 13.5 8.2–21.3 21.9 13.2–34.1 19.8 18.0–21.7 16.7 10.7–25.1 20.7 11.8–33.8
Non-Hispanic black 3636 26.8 24.9–28.7 9.8 6.3–15.1 6.3 3.4–11.3 26.5 24.7–28.4 11.2 7.2–17.1 6.6 3.5–12.1
Non-Hispanic Asian 1997 12.5 9.5–16.4 9.2 7.2–11.8 8.8 6.6–11.8 10.6 7.7–14.5 10.3 7.9–13.5 8.2 6.3–10.7
Hispanic 3744 20.3 18.1–22.7 12.4 10.3–14.9 13.1 10.7–16.0 21.5 19.2–24.0 12.0 9.8–14.6 12.5 10.1–15.3
≥ 1 CVD risk factor 15,965 86.8 85.4–88.0 86.4 84.3–88.3 72.8 69.3–76.0 86.4 85.1–87.7 85.1 82.4–87.4 80.1 77.4–82.6

CVD indicates cardiovascular disease.

NOTE: Prevalence estimates are from predicted marginals from logistic regression. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, overweight/obesity and ≥ 1 CVD risk factor adjusted for age, sex, education, and race and Hispanic origin. Diabetes and smoking adjusted for age, sex and education. Covariate reference groups in models were age (20–39 years), sex (female), education (college graduate) and race and Hispanic origin (non-Hispanic white).