Fig. 1.

Cross-sectional view of the FDA nozzle for the sudden expansion case. Results were analyzed at various z-locations marked by dotted vertical lines to compare against FDA’s experimental results: z₁ = − 0.088m,z₂ = − 0.064m,z₃ = − 0.048m,z₄ = − 0.02m,z₅ = − 0.008m,z₆ = 0.0m,z₇ = 0.008m,z₈ = 0.016m,z₉ = 0.024m,z₁₀ = 0.032m,z₁₁ = 0.06m,z₁₂ = 0.08m