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. 2020 Jul 3;43(6):593–629. doi: 10.1007/s12272-020-01247-w

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

Probable effect of mistletoe on muscle mitochondrial activity. Two major genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and function are SIRT-1 and PGC-1α. PGC-1α translocates into the nucleus where it is phosphorylated by AMPK and deacetylated by SIRT-1. Once phosphorylated and deacetylated, PGC-1α activity is increased, leading to increased transcription of mitochondrial genes. Korean mistletoe increases the mRNA expression of PGC-1α and SIRT-1 and increases the expression of PGC-1α transcriptional targets such as PGC-1β, NRF-1, ERRα, Tfam, PPARβ/δ, myoglobin and TNNI2