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. 2020 Apr 10;36(7):761–777. doi: 10.1007/s12264-020-00490-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Optic nerve crush (ONC)-stimulated energy metabolism in the retina and optic nerve. A Schematic of the experimental design. The main outcome measurements included the energy status (ATP levels, ADP levels, and the ADP/ATP ratio), energetic pathway homeostasis (glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation activity and relative proportions), and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) status (numbers of surviving cells and gross morphology). B Basal ATP levels in the retina, optic nerve, hippocampus, and cortex. C, D ATP and ADP levels in retina and optic nerve 1 day after ONC. E The dynamic balance of energy metabolism presented as the ADP/ATP ratio. F ATP concentration-time curves for retinas and optic nerves 1, 4, and 7 days after ONC. **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001; ns, not significant.