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. 2020 Jul 7;10:11133. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67814-9

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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β1 integrin blockade decreases Kras* effector signaling and restricts activation to Matrigel-adjacent cells. iKras*p53* 9,805 PDAC cells were grown in 3D for 7 days and subsequently treated for 4 days with either vehicle IgG or anti-β1 neutralizing antibody (10 µg/mL). (a–e,k–o) Pictured are representative PDAC cluster cross sections of control treated or anti-β1 integrin-treated cells. Scale bar 50 µm. (b,g) Clusters were stained for phosphorylated ERK (pERK) species, indicating MAPK activity. (l,q) Staining for phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein (pS6). (c,h,m,r) Staining for β1 integrin. (d,i,n,s) Overlay of red and green channels. (e,j,o,t) Overlay of DAPI, red, and green channels. (u) Schematic outlining the potential signaling pathways involved in β1 and β5 integrin signaling that are responsible for PDAC cell survival and proliferation.