TABLE 3.
Associations between estimated baseline levels of dual sensory impairment severity and risk of all‐cause dementia
| Severity of DSI | Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)a | P‐value |
|---|---|---|
| DSI severity (continuous)b | 1.15 (1.02‐1.29) | .02 |
| DSI severity categories | ||
| No DSI (n = 1947) | 1.00 (reference) | |
| Low (1‐2) (n = 62) | 1.74 (1.04‐2.90) | .03 |
| Intermediate (3‐4) (n = 30) | 1.30 (0.64‐2.65) | .46 |
| High (5‐6) (n = 12) | 5.09 (1.24‐20.85) | .02 |
| Test for trend | .02 | |
DSI, dual sensory impairment.
Models adjusted for age, sex, race, education, income, body mass index, alcohol intake, smoking status, physical activity, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, clinic site, treatment status, and APOE.
A summary score of hearing and visual impairments from 1 to 6 was used to define DSI severity. A score of 1 represented impairment in a single question for vision and hearing each. A score of 2 represented impairments in two questions for hearing and in a single question for vision, or impairments in a single question for hearing and in two questions for vision. A score of 3 represented impairments in all three questions for hearing and in a single question for vision, impairments in two questions for hearing and in two questions for vision, or impairments in a single question for hearing and in three questions for vision. A score of 4 represented impairments in a single question for hearing and in all four questions for vision, impairments in two questions for hearing and in three questions for vision, impairments in all three questions for hearing and in two questions for vision. A score of 5 represented impairments in all three questions for hearing and in three questions for vision, or impairments in two questions for hearing and in all four questions for vision. A score of 6 represented impairments in all questions for hearing and vision.