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. 2020 Jun;6(2):372–382. doi: 10.21037/jss.2019.10.14

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Metastatic Ewing’s-like carcinoma. (A) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI with contrast shows the large ventral T6 enhancing epidural tumor; (B) axial T1-weighted MRI with contrast shows the large T6 ventral epidural spine tumor; (C) AP fluoroscopic image showing needle access to the foramen with an 18-gauge 15 cm spinal needle; (D) AP fluoroscopic image showing the crown reamer removing the ventral portion of the superior articulating process of T6 to allow access to the foramen with the tubular retractor; (E) AP fluoroscopic image shows the beveled tubular retractor in the foramen and the ball probe medial to the pedicle wall; (F) AP fluoroscopic view shows the semi-bendable grasper resecting the tumor; (G) intraoperative photograph of surgeon performing the endoscopic procedure; (H) endoscopic camera view of endoscopic ball probe dissecting capsule of tumor; (I) endoscopic camera view of semi-bendable grasper resecting the tumor. AP, anterior-posterior; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.