In vitro chemo‐sensitization effect of HO1‐inhibiting hybrid nanoparticle in leukemia cells. a) Western blot image of DNR‐responsive HO1 overexpression in leukemia cells. The HO1 protein was detected in THP‐1 and U937 cells 24 h after exposure to various concentrations of DNR. b) Cell viability test in THP‐1 leukemia cells. c) Cell viability test in U937 leukemia cells. Cell viability was measured after 24 h of DNR and nanoparticle treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, and all statistical analyses were performed by two‐way ANOVA and Tukey's post‐hoc test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, n = 3 per group for ‐DNR, n = 5–7 per group for +DNR. d) Apoptosis assay for chemo‐sensitization by T‐hNP/SnMP in leukemia cells. Annexin V and 7AAD were stained and analyzed by flow cytometry at 30 h after DNR and nanoparticle treatment. e,f) Bar graph of apoptosis assay in (d). Data are presented as mean ± SD, ***p < 0.001 by one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc test, n.s = not significant (n = 3 per group).