Table 2.

Multivariate analysis by a Cox proportional hazards regression model in training cohort and validation cohort

Variable	Training cohort				Validation cohort
	PFS		OS		PFS		OS
	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p
Age (≤51 vs >51)	0.943 (0.616–1.443)	0.787	0.769 (0.485–1.217)	0.262	0.843 (0.626–1.643)	0.645	0.779 (0.465–1.116)	0.162
Tumor size (≤5 cm vs >5 cm)	1.467 (0.940–2.289)	0.092	1.435 (0.932–2.209)	0.101	1.327 (0.940–2.289)	0.112	1.215 (0.936–2.149)	0.121
Tumor differentiation (well vs poor)	1.093 (0.680–1.759)	0.713	1.001 (0.627–1.600)	0.995	1.113 (0.760–1.723)	0.523	1.201 (0.727–1.530)	0.975
Tumor invasion (T1+T2 vs T3+T4)	0.992 (0.612–1.608)	0.974	1.031 (0.598–1.775)	0.913	0.872 (0.512–1.408)	0.654	1.121 (0.628–1.425)	0.543
ECGO (0–1 vs ≥2)	0.89 (0.556–1.455)	0.666	0.976 (0.603–1.578)	0.921	0.779 (0.456–1.235)	0.676	0.864 (0.564–1.238)	0.771
Chemotherapy (FOLFOX vs FOLFORI)	1.140 (0.681–1.910)	0.618	1.551 (0.885–2.719)	0.126	1.121 (0.651–1.620)	0.652	1.421 (0.565–2.239)	0.426
MLH1 expression (high vs low)	2.030 (1.057–3.901)	0.034	1.122 (0.596–2.112)	0.721	2.110 (1.057–3.101)	0.021	1.422 (0.796–2.021)	0.821