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. 2020 Jul 7;3(7):e206004. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.6004

Table 2. Previous Health Care Exposures Among Patients With Sepsis and Septic Shock.

Exposure No. (%)
Age group, y Total
18-44 45-64 65-84 ≥85
Patients, No. 168 389 387 134 1078
Any health care exposure before hospital admissiona 99 (58.9) 220 (56.6) 256 (66.1) 79 (59.0) 654 (60.7)
Prehospital medical treatment 30 d before admission
Any treatment 74 (44.0) 153 (39.3) 177 (45.7) 43 (32.1) 447 (41.5)
Antimicrobial drugs 60 (35.7) 112 (28.8) 119 (30.7) 37 (27.6) 328 (30.4)
Chemotherapy 7 (4.2) 23 (5.9) 22 (5.7) 1 (0.7) 53 (4.9)
Wound care 10 (6.0) 24 (6.2) 37 (9.6) 4 (3.0) 75 (7.0)
Chronic dialysis 11 (6.5) 22 (5.7) 19 (4.9) 6 (4.5) 58 (5.4)
Surgery 8 (4.8) 13 (3.3) 27 (7.0) 6 (4.5) 54 (5.0)
Presence of medical device 30 d before admission
Any device 42 (25.0) 74 (19.0) 90 (23.3) 13 (9.7) 219 (20.3)
Urinary catheter 17 (10.1) 31 (8.0) 45 (11.6) 11 (8.2) 104 (9.6)
Central line 30 (17.9) 44 (11.3) 48 (12.4) 1 (0.7) 123 (11.4)
Mechanical ventilator 6 (3.6) 9 (2.3) 8 (2.1) 1 (0.7) 24 (2.2)
G-tube, J-tube, or PEG-tube 10 (6.0) 13 (3.3) 9 (2.3) 1 (0.7) 33 (3.1)
Tracheostomy 6 (3.6) 4 (1.0) 7 (1.8) 1 (0.7) 18 (1.7)
Outpatient medical encounter within 7 d of hospital admission
Any encounter 43 (25.6) 98 (25.2) 92 (23.8) 27 (20.1) 260 (24.1)
Medical or pediatric specialty 12 (7.1) 26 (6.7) 31 (8.0) 6 (4.5) 75 (7.0)
Emergency department or urgent care 24 (14.3) 34 (8.7) 20 (5.2) 2 (1.5) 80 (7.4)
Primary care 4 (2.4) 27 (6.9) 21 (5.4) 17 (12.7) 69 (6.4)
Stayed ≥2 d at health care facility in previous 30 d
Hospital 41 (24.4) 93 (23.9) 97 (25.1) 27 (20.1) 258 (23.9)
Nursing home 5 (3.0) 31 (8.0) 70 (18.1) 31 (23.1) 137 (12.7)
Inpatient rehabilitation 3 (1.8) 1 (0.3) 1 (0.3) 1 (0.7) 6 (0.6)
Other or unknown 6 (3.6) 21 (5.4) 17 (4.4) 7 (5.2) 51 (4.7)

Abbreviation: G-tube, gastrostomy tube; J-tube, jejunostomy tube; PEG-tube, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube.

a

Includes any medical treatment in the 30 days before hospital admission, the presence of a medical device in the 30 days before hospital admission, the occurrence of any outpatient medical encounter within 7 days of the sepsis diagnosis, and the occurrence of a stay of 2 or more days at a health care facility in the previous 30 days.