Fig. 3.

Group differences in longitudinal development of language-related ROI-based functional connectivity. Significant interactions between group and time point were observed in frontotemporal connectivity and thalamocortical connectivity (a). Across time, LR infants showed increasing connectivity between right auditory cortex and frontal regions whereas HR infants displayed little change from 1.5 to 9 months (b-d). A similar pattern was observed in frontothalamic connectivity where LR infants exhibited increasing connectivity between right frontal cortex and thalamus whereas HR infants showed decreasing connectivity (e). The LR group showed decreasing connectivity between right temporal cortex and bilateral thalamus (f-g). In matrix (a),: black-outlined boxes indicate significance at p < .05, uncorrected; * indicates significance at p < .05, FDR-corrected. In graphs (b-g): red indicates HR group, blue indicates LR group. (HG: Heschl’s gyrus; HR: high risk; IFGtri: inferior frontal gyrus pars triangularis, IFGop: inferior frontal gyrus pars opercularis; LR: low risk; pSTG: posterior superior temporal gyrus; thal: thalamus). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)