Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and the outcomes of the patients.
| Total | Bradycardia | Normal HR | Tachycardia | Extreme tachycardia | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 330) | (n = 26) | (n = 67) | (n = 176) | (n = 61) | ||
| Age (years) | 72 (59–79) | 73 (66–77) | 74 (62–79) | 72 (60–79) | 69 (49–76) | 0.094 |
| Male | 194 (58.8) | 17 (65.4) | 44 (65.7) | 98 (55.7) | 35 (57.4) | 0.470 |
| Witnessed arrest | 264 (80.0) | 20 (76.9) | 57 (85.1) | 141 (80.1) | 46 (75.4) | 0.565 |
| Public place | 52 (15.8) | 5 (19.2) | 11 (16.4) | 23 (13.1) | 13 (21.3) | 0.451 |
| Shockable initial rhythm | 41 (12.4) | 3 (11.5) | 7 (10.4) | 21 (11.9) | 10 (16.4) | 0.757 |
| Bystander CPR | 105 (31.8) | 10 (38.5) | 18 (26.9) | 55 (31.3) | 22 (36.1) | 0.611 |
| MAP at ROSC (mmHg) | 93 (68–114) | 81 (43–94) | 89 (67–105) | 89 (68–113) | 111 (85–137) | <0.001∗ |
| HR at ROSC (beats/min) | 120 (98–144) | 47 (32–51) | 84 (76–94) | 124 (113–136) | 161 (155–175) | <0.001∗ |
| No-flow time (min) | 4 (0–12) | 4 (1–14) | 5 (0–12) | 4 (0–11) | 1 (0–9) | 0.194 |
| Low-flow time (min) | 26 (17–36) | 37 (18–46) | 27 (18–36) | 25 (17–34) | 24 (15–32) | 0.047† |
| Total epinephrine dose (mg) | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–7) | 4 (2–5) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–3) | <0.001∗ |
| Sustained ROSC | 281 (85.2) | 18 (69.2) | 54 (80.6) | 149 (84.7) | 60 (98.4) | 0.002‡ |
| One-month survival | 58 (17.8) | 4 (15.4) | 11 (16.1) | 26 (15.1) | 17 (27.9) | 0.153 |
| Good neurologic outcome | 23 (7.0) | 2 (7.7) | 4 (6.0) | 5 (6.0) | 5 (6.0) | 0.965 |
Data are expressed as median (interquartile range) or number (%) as appropriate. Bradycardia, HR < 60 beats/min; normal, 60 ≤ HR ≤ 100 beats/min; tachycardia, 100 < HR < 150 beats/min; extreme tachycardia, HR ≥ 150 beats/min; HR, heart rate; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; MAP, mean arterial pressure; ROSC, return of spontaneous circulation. ∗Statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. †Statistically not significant after Bonferroni correction. ‡Statistically significant.