Table 1.

Characteristics of the overall study population and of the population divided into three groups based on PrFT.

	Total	PrFT1 (<0.6 cm)	PrFT2 (0.6-1.33 cm)	PrFT3 (≥1.33 cm)	P
Sex (men/women)	81/90	12/32	42/44	27/14	0.002
Age (year)	58.14 ± 16.35	59.43 ± 17.67	56.93 ± 15.64	59.29 ± 16.55	0.625
Diabetes duration (year)	10 (3­15)	12 (3.25­16.75)	8 (3­13)	12 (3­20)#	0.034
BMI (kg/m2)	26.61 ± 4.58	23.31 ± 3.97	27.15 ± 3.67∗∗	28.85 ± 5.12∗∗#	<0.001
WC (cm)	96.84 ± 11.50	87.44 ± 8.77	98.55 ± 9.39∗∗	103.26 ± 12.19∗∗#	<0.001
FPG (mmol/l)	8.60 ± 3.80	8.45 ± 3.83	8.93 ± 4.08	8.11 ± 3.17	0.519
UA (μmol/l)	338.29 ± 99.59	307.81 ± 93.94	336.61 ± 99.22	376.29 ± 96.33∗∗#	0.008
TG (mmol/l)	1.44 (1.05­2.04)	1.15 (0.84­1.77)	1.44 (1.20­2.06)∗	1.75 (1.24­2.85)∗∗	0.004
TC (mmol/l)	4.32 ± 1.30	4.61 ± 1.30	4.31 ± 1.30	4.02 ± 1.28∗	0.133
HDL-c (mmol/l)	1.06 ± 0.27	1.21 ± 0.26	1.02 ± 0.25∗∗	0.98 ± 0.27∗∗	<0.001
LDL-c (mmol/l)	2.82 ± 1.04	2.97 ± 1.07	2.84 ± 1.03	2.62 ± 1.03	0.306
HbA1c (%)	9.34 ± 2.15	9.82 ± 2.67	9.41 ± 1.97	8.66 ± 1.71∗	0.051
VFA (cm2)	110.19 ± 41.79	79.18 ± 30.30	115.39 ± 35.38∗∗	142.66 ± 43.23∗∗##	<0.001
PnFT (cm)	1.00 ± 0.44	0.65 ± 0.33	1.05 ± 0.33∗∗	1.28 ± 0.48∗∗##	<0.001
PrFT (cm)	0.97 ± 0.50	0.36 ± 1.92	0.95 ± 0.22∗∗	1.64 ± 0.23∗∗##	<0.001
UACR (mg/g)	9.18 (3.91­41.94)	9.59 (3.80­26.42)	8.58 (3.39­41.23)	9.29 (4.83­67.28)	0.663
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)	97.08 ± 31.11	105.15 ± 36.01	97.78 ± 28.70	86.92 ± 28.14∗∗	0.026

BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; FPG: fast plasma glucose; UA: uric acid; TG: triglyceride; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-c: high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-c: low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; VFA: visceral fat area; PnFT: paranephric fat thickness; PrFT: perirenal fat thickness; UACR: urinary albumin creatinine ratio; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate. PrFT1 vs. PrFT2: ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01. PrFT1 vs. PrFT3: ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01. PrFT2 vs. PrFT3: ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01.