Table 2.

Primary endpoints

	ON N = 23	ON+SC N = 8	ON+PDLI N = 11	p
The duration of postoperative circulatory failure, median (IQR), days	12 (9–17)	17 (14–20)	9 (8–11)	0.0068
The duration of postoperative pulmonary failure, median (IQR), days	15 (8–19)	16 (9–25)	8 (5–11)	0.026
The duration of postoperative kidney failure, median (IQR), days	8 (6–9)	8 (5–11.5)	7 (4–10)	0.438
new-onset colonic complication no. (%)	13 (56.5)		3 (27.3)	0.11
Colonic fistula	2		1
Colonic stenosis	4		1
Colonic fistula with stenosis	2		1
pseudo-obstruction	3
duodenocolonic fistula,	1
biliary-colon fistula	1
sequence ileostomy or colostomy no. (%)	7 (30.4)		0	0.04
Pancreatic fistula	11	3	4	0.75
hemorrhage	3	1	1	1.00
Intra-abdominal bleeding	2	1	1
Gastrointestinal bleeding	1
death no. (%)	3 (13.0)	2 (25)	1 (9.1)	1.00
Colonic necrosis/perforation confirmed by histological examination.		5

Note: Kruskal-Wallis was performed to compare variance among three groups and Bonferroni correction was used to compare two groups. For categorical variables, chi-squared test was performed to compare the constituent ratio among the three groups. Fisher’s exact test was performed between two groups