Table 2.
Total and regional body composition of fat and lean components of Prader-Willi syndrome and obese subjects
| Variables | Obese (adjusted mean ± SD) (N) | Prader-Willi syndrome (adjusted mean ± SD) (N) | Confidence interval (adjusted to 99.94%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 26.5 ± 13.1 (24) | 22.5 ± 8.5 (48) | |
| Gender (M:F) | 9:15 (24) | 21:27 (48) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 41.0 ± 8.0 (24)* | 34.3 ± 9.0 (48)* | |
| Body fat distribution | |||
| Tissue % fat | 47.0 ± 1.1 (24) | 52.2 ± 0.79 (48) | −10.4 to −0.05 |
| Tissue % lean | 53.0 ± 1.1 (24) | 47.8 ± 0.79 (48) | 0.05 to 10.4 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.97 ± 0.02 (24) | 0.97 ± 0.02 (39) | −0.10 to 0.10 |
| Waist-to-height ratio | 0.73 ± 0.01 (24) | 0.77 ± 0.01 (39) | −0.11 to 0.03 |
| Waist-to-thigh ratio | 1.9 ± 0.06 (24) | 2.0 ± 0.05 (39) | −0.41 to 0.15 |
| Trunk-to-limbs fat mass ratio | 0.87 ± 0.04 (24) | 0.86 ± 0.03 (48) | −0.17 to 0.20 |
| Trunk-to-limbs lean mass ratio | 1.1 ± 0.03 (24) | 1.1 ± 0.02 (48) | −0.21 to 0.10 |
| Arms-to-legs fat mass ratio | 0.85 ± 0.08 (24) | 0.69 ± 0.06 (48) | −0.21 to 0.54 |
| Arm measures | |||
| Total arms fat (g) | 9840 ± 537 (24) | 8989 ± 369 (48) | −1568 to 3269 |
| Total arms lean (g) | 6358 ± 317 (24) | 4452 ± 218 (48) | 478 to 3333 |
| Arms % fat | 59.2 ± 1.5 (24) | 63.3 ± 1.1 (48) | −11.0 to 2.8 |
| Arms % lean | 40.9 ± 1.4 (24) | 35.9 ± 0.98 (48) | −1.3 to 11.5 |
| Arms fat-to-lean mass ratio | 1.5 ± 0.09 (24) | 1.9 ± 0.06 (48) | −0.77 to −0.001 |
| Total arms fat-to-total body tissue ratio | 0.10 ± 0.01 (24) | 0.11 ± 0.004 (48) | −0.03 to 0.02 |
| Total arms lean-to-total body tissue ratio | 0.07 ± 0.003 (24) | 0.06 ± 0.002 (48) | −0.003 to 0.03 |
| Leg measures | |||
| Total legs fat (g) | 12479 ± 568 (24) | 12751 ± 390 (48) | −2833 to 2288 |
| Total legs lean (g) | 16012 ± 530 (24) | 11870 ± 365 (48) | 1750 to 6533 |
| Legs % fat | 43.0 ± 1.3 (24) | 50.6 ± 0.87 (48) | −13.3 to −1.9 |
| Legs % lean | 56.3 ± 1.2 (24) | 49.5 ± 0.81 (48) | 1.5 to 12.1 |
| Legs fat-to-lean mass ratio | 0.78 ± 0.05 (24) | 1.1 ± 0.03 (48) | −0.49 to −0.08 |
| Total legs fat-to-total body tissue ratio | 0.14 ± 0.01 (24) | 0.16 ± 0.004 (48) | −0.05 to 0.004 |
| Total legs lean-to-total body tissue ratio | 0.18 ± 0.004 (24) | 0.16 ± 0.003 (48) | 0.001 to 0.04 |
| Trunk measures | |||
| Total trunk fat (g) | 18283 ± 715 (24) | 17355 ± 491 (48) | −2296 to 4153 |
| Total trunk lean (g) | 24195 ± 867 (24) | 18543 ± 5960 (48) | 1744 to 9559 |
| Trunk % fat | 43.2 ± 1.2 (24) | 47.7 ± 0.83 (48) | −10.0 to 0.89 |
| Trunk % lean | 56.9 ± 1.2 (24) | 52.3 ± 0.82 (48) | −0.83 to 10.0 |
| Trunk fat-to-lean mass ratio | 0.77 ± 0.04 (24) | 0.94 ± 0.03 (48) | −0.35 to 0.02 |
| Total trunk fat-to-total body tissue ratio | 0.20 ± 0.01 (24) | 0.22 ± 0.01 (48) | −0.05 to 0.01 |
| Total trunk lean-to-total body tissue ratio | 0.26 ± 0.01 (24) | 0.24 ± 0.01 (48) | −0.01 to 0.06 |
SD, standard deviation. All calculations were executed with one-way ANOVA adjusting for age, gender, and BMI, except for the variables age, gender, and BMI that were analyzed with Student’s t test. An adjusted calculated mean value was considered significant if the confidence interval did not include the number 0. Because of multiple analyses with ANOVA, confidence intervals were adjusted to 99.94% using the Bonferroni correction.
*
p < 0.01 with Student’s t test.