Table 4.

Risk factors for the severity of illness in patients with COVID-19

Variables	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	OR	95% CI	Pvalue	OR	95% CI	Pvalue
Age (years)
≥ 66	111.8	38.7–323.2	<  0.001	56.5	17.1–186.5	< 0.001
41–65	29.0	11.2–74.9	<  0.001	14.8	5.2–42.1	< 0.001
19–40	16.4	6.3–42.3	<  0.001	12.7	4.5–35.9	< 0.001
≤ 18	1.0			1.0
Sex (male)	1.6	1.1–2.3	0.024	1.7	1.2–2.6	0.008
Current smoker	1.5	0.7–3.1	0.255
Family cluster	0.5	0.3–0.8	0.007	0.9	0.5–1.4	0.579
Exposure History in Wuhan	1.1	0.8–1.6	0.608
Time from illness onset to first hospital admission	1.1	1.0–1.2	< 0.001	1.1	1.0–1.1	0.071
Symptoms
Fever	4.3	2.6–7.1	< 0.001	3.6	2.1–6.3	<  0.001
Cough	2.7	1.8–4.1	< 0.001	1.7	1.0–3.0	0.041
Sputum production	2.2	1.5–3.4	< 0.001	1.3	1.0–2.1	0.366
Hemoptysis	7.7	2.8–21.3	< 0.001	3.4	1.1–10.3	0.032
Sore throat	0.8	0.4–1.3	0.345
Nasal obstruction	0.3	0.2–0.7	0.005	0.6	0.2–1.4	0.223
Myalgia	2.6	1.5–4.5	0.001	1.8	1.0–3.4	0.063
Fatigue	1.8	1.1–2.8	0.022	1.3	0.7–2.2	0.371
gastrointestinal symptoms	2.1	1.2–3.6	0.012	1.9	1.0–3.5	0.047
Headache	2.0	1.1–3.6	0.030	2.0	1.0–4.0	0.052
Coexisting disorder
Any	3.8	2.5–5.9	< 0.001	1.2	0.6–2.4	0.660
Hypertension	4.9	3.0–7.8	< 0.001	2.6	1.2–5.6	0.013
Heart disease	2.5	0.6–10.1	0.189
Diabetes	2.4	1.2–4.6	0.009	0.8	0.4–1.9	0.675
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	42.0	4.9–363.9	0.001	7.7	0.8–75.6	0.081
Cancer	7.3	1.5–35.2	0.013	3.7	0.6–22.2	0.149
Chronic liver disease	1.6	0.6–3.9	0.335
Chronic renal disease	4.3	0.9–20.6	0.065

OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval