Table 1.
Demographics, biopsy indications, procedural characteristics, and biopsy complication data for the study
| All Patients Who Underwent Biopsy, n=160 | Research Tissue Not Obtained, n=16 | Research Tissue Obtained | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total, n=144a | Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis Present, n=117 | Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis Absent, n=26 | |||
| Demographics | |||||
| Women, n (%) | 68 (43%) | 3 (19%) | 65 (45%) | 49 (42%) | 15 (58%) |
| Age, mean (SD), yr | 54 (13) | 53 (12) | 54 (13) | 53 (12) | 61 (13) |
| Black race, n (%) | 52 (33%) | 8 (50%) | 44 (30%) | 37 (32%) | 7 (27%) |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 53 (33%) | 3 (19%) | 50 (35%) | 41 (35%) | 9 (35%) |
| Indication for biopsy | |||||
| Urinary findings | 14 (9%) | 1 (6%) | 13 (9%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (4%) |
| Excessive proteinuria | 104 (65%) | 11 (69%) | 93 (65%) | 71 (61%) | 21 (81%) |
| Rapid eGFR loss | 39 (24%) | 4 (25%) | 35 (24%) | 32 (27%) | 3 (12%) |
| Other indicators of nondiabetic kidney disease | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 12 (10%) | 0 (0%) |
| Not available | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4%) |
| Procedural characteristics | |||||
| Needle gauge, n (%) | |||||
| 16 G | 86 (54%) | 12 (75%) | 74 (51%) | 58 (50%) | 16 (62%) |
| 17 G | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 1 (0.9%) | 0 (0%) |
| 18 G | 70 (44%) | 4 (25%) | 66 (46%) | 56 (48%) | 10 (38%) |
| Not available | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (1%) | 2 (2%) | 0 (0%) |
| Mean (SD) number of passes | 3.6 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.5) | 3.6 (1.0) | 3.6 (1.0) | 3.4 (0.8) |
| Biopsy operator, n (%) | |||||
| Nephrology Fellow | 64 (40%) | 9 (56%) | 55 (38%) | 46 (39%) | 9 (35%) |
| Nephrology Attending | 58 (36%) | 5 (31%) | 53 (37%) | 43 (37%) | 10 (38%) |
| Nephrology Fellow with Attending takeover | 3 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Interventional radiologist | 32 (20%) | 2 (13%) | 30 (21%) | 23 (20%) | 6 (23%) |
| Physician assistant | 3 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (4%) |
| Biopsy complications | |||||
| Hematoma >5 cm, n (%) | 7 (4%) | 1 (6%) | 6 (4%) | 6 (5%) | 0 (0%) |
| Gross hematuria, n (%) | 3 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2%) | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Hospital stay exceeding the center’s standard practice, n (%) | 6 (4%) | 1 (6%) | 5 (3%) | 3 (3%) | 2 (8%) |
| Blood transfusion, n (%) | 3 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2%) | 2 (2%) | 1 (4%) |
| Surgical/radiological intervention, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
a
One patient had a research core obtained that was placed in formalin and is included in the safety analysis (n=144) but was not eligible to enroll in the study (n=143) because of this protocol deviation.