Table 1.
Characteristics of patients initiating dialysis by cause of kidney failure from 2005 to 2014 included in the US Renal Data System
| Characteristics | All, n=1,045,540 | AKI, n=32,598 (3%) | Diabetes Mellitus, n=480,444 (46%) | Others, n=532,498 (51%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, yr | 63 (15) | 66 (14) | 63 (13) | 63 (17) |
| 18–30 | 3 | 2 | 0.9 | 4 |
| 30–40 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
| 40–50 | 11 | 8 | 10 | 11 |
| 50–60 | 20 | 17 | 23 | 17 |
| 60–70 | 25 | 25 | 30 | 21 |
| 70–80 | 23 | 27 | 23 | 23 |
| 80+ | 15 | 19 | 10 | 19 |
| Sex | ||||
| Women | 43 | 42 | 45 | 42 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Asian | 4 | 2 | 5 | 4 |
| Black | 28 | 15 | 26 | 30 |
| Hispanic | 14 | 7 | 19 | 10 |
| Native American | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.5 |
| White | 54 | 76 | 49 | 56 |
| Body mass index (99% nonmissing), kg/m2 | 29 (8) | 29 (8) | 31 (8) | 28 (8) |
| <18.5 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 5 |
| 18.5–25 | 30 | 31 | 23 | 36 |
| 25–30 | 28 | 27 | 28 | 28 |
| >30 | 38 | 37 | 47 | 30 |
| Missing | 1 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
| Neighborhood poverty, % | ||||
| <13.8 | 59 | 68 | 56 | 61 |
| 13.8 to <20 | 18 | 16 | 19 | 18 |
| 20 to <40 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 19 |
| ≥40 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| Missing | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Region | ||||
| Midwest | 23 | 31 | 21 | 23 |
| Northeast | 19 | 22 | 18 | 19 |
| South | 39 | 31 | 39 | 39 |
| West | 20 | 16 | 22 | 19 |
| Unknown | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Congestive heart failure | 32 | 35 | 37 | 27 |
| Atherosclerotic heart disease + other | 33 | 43 | 36 | 29 |
| Hypertension | 86 | 73 | 88 | 85 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 55 | 40 | 91 | 24 |
| Cancer | 8 | 14 | 5 | 10 |
| Amputations | 3 | 3 | 6 | 1 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 13 | 15 | 17 | 10 |
| Cerebrovascular accident/transient ischemic attack | 9 | 10 | 11 | 8 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 9 | 15 | 9 | 9 |
| Poor functional status | 14 | 26 | 16 | 12 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| Albumin (74% nonmissing), g/dl | 3.1 (0.7) | 2.8 (0.8) | 3.1 (0.7) | 3.2 (0.8) |
| <3.5 | 48 | 60 | 52 | 45 |
| ≥3.5 | 26 | 14 | 23 | 30 |
| Missing | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| Hemoglobin (90% nonmissing), g/dl | 9.8 (1.7) | 9.9 (1.8) | 9.8 (1.6) | 9.8 (1.8) |
| <11 | 69 | 69 | 71 | 68 |
| 11–12 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| >12 | 8 | 9 | 7 | 9 |
| Missing | 10 | 11 | 10 | 11 |
| Care | ||||
| History of nursing home | 7 | 17 | 7 | 6 |
| Nephrology care, mo | ||||
| None | 29 | 62 | 25 | 31 |
| <12 | 33 | 18 | 36 | 31 |
| >12 | 26 | 7 | 27 | 25 |
| Unknown | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Dialysis access/modality | ||||
| Arteriovenous fistula/arteriovenous graft | 17 | 2 | 18 | 17 |
| Catheter | 76 | 97 | 75 | 75 |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 7 | 1 | 7 | 8 |
| Mortality | ||||
| Cause of mortality (anytime) | ||||
| Cardiovascular | 39 | 28 | 42 | 35 |
| Infection | 9 | 10 | 10 | 9 |
| Malignancy | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 |
| Withdrawal of dialysis | 12 | 11 | 11 | 12 |
| Unknown/other | 37 | 47 | 35 | 39 |
| Time | ||||
| 90 d | 8 | 15 | 7 | 9 |
| 12 mo | 22 | 35 | 20 | 23 |
| Anytime during follow-up | 61 | 66 | 63 | 58 |
| Kidney recovery | ||||
| Recovered function | 6 | 35 | 4 | 7 |
| Transplant | ||||
| Kidney transplant | 9 | 2 | 7 | 11 |
Data are represented as mean (SD) or proportion where appropriate.