Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and results of tests comparing female and male participants.

Variable	n	M	$\mathit{SD}$	Cases	Controls	t / ${\chi }^2$	d/OR	p
R2D:4D						−  2.46	−  0.08	0.01
Female	1,834	1.001	0.049
Male	1,555	0.997	0.047
L2D:4D						−  3.92	−  0.14	< 0.0001
Female	1,827	1.003	0.055
Male	1,560	0.996	0.054
HIST						23.78	1.99	< 0.0001
Female	1,834			168	1,666
Male	1,555			75	1,480
NEUR						−  14.70	−  0.51	< 0.0001
Female	1,794	4.264	3.711
Male	1,522	2.382	3.630
PHQ-2						0.47	0.027	0.64
Female	647	2.989	1.239
Male	563	3.023	1.287

2D:4D $=$ the length of the second digit divided by the length of the fourth digit of the hand (R $=$ right hand, L $=$ left hand), $M=\text{mean}$, HIST = history of depression, NEUR $=$ neuroticism, $OR=$ odds ratio, PHQ-2 $=$ Patient Health Questionnaire-2, $SD=\text{standard deviation}$. HIST was measured as a binary variable (cases = diagnosed at least once, controls $=$ never diagnosed). ${\chi }^2$ and OR are only reported for HIST.