. 2020 Jul 7;10:11146. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67973-9

Table 5.

Growth and yield attributes of winter crops as influenced by crop establishment methods and residues management (CERM) practices (2-year mean).

Parameter	CERM practice	Chickpea	Lentil	Safflower	Linseed	Mustard
Pod/capsule/siliqua (nos. plant⁻¹)	ZTDSR	66.3 ± 2.98^a	260.7 ± 11.72^a	17.2 ± 0.60^a	46.6 ± 1.02^ab	274.8 ± 12.36^ab
	ZTDSR_R+	67.9 ± 3.61^a	264.1 ± 14.03^a	17.9 ± 0.45^a	50.2 ± 1.55^a	297.0 ± 15.78^a
	ZTTPR	62.9 ± 3.85^a	207.6 ± 12.72^b	13.9 ± .59^b	50.5 ± 1.66^a	256.0 ± 15.69^bc
	ZTTPR _R+	65.9 ± 3.00^a	222.7 ± 10.12^b	15.1 ± 0.39^b	49.5 ± 1.50^a	244.2 ± 11.10^bc
	PTR	63.4 ± 2.69^a	162.6 ± 6.90^c	7.5 ± 0.21^d	43.0 ± 1.41^b	241.2 ± 10.23^bc
	PTR _R+	63.8 ± 0.80^a	170.3 ± 2.12^c	10.1 ± 0.26^c	49.7 ± 1.07^a	228.2 ± 2.85^c
Plant height (cm)	ZTDSR	38.1 ± 2.00^bc	32.3 ± 1.45^b	116.7 ± 5.37^a	61.0 ± 3.48^a	161.5 ± 7.26^a
	ZTDSR_R+	42.1 ± 1.79^ab	40.7 ± 2.16^a	129.0 ± 6.05^a	63.8 ± 2.93^a	164.7 ± 8.75^a
	ZTTPR	36.2 ± 1.40^c	30.1 ± 1.84^bc	82.6 ± 3.07^c	59.6 ± 1.89^a	147.9 ± 9.06^a
	ZTTPR _R+	41.4 ± 1.35^ab	31.6 ± 1.44^bc	95.5 ± 3.81^b	59.9 ± 1.68^a	166.3 ± 7.56^a
	PTR	34.5 ± 0.99^c	28.1c ± 1.19^c	69.8 ± 1.94^c	47.6 ± 1.31^b	133.1 ± 5.65^a
	PTR _R+	42.6 ± 1.19^a	30.1 ± 0.38^bc	73.9 ± 1.86^c	49.9 ± 1.39^b	140.9 ± 1.76^a
1,000-grain weight (g)	ZTDSR	275.8 ± 12.40^a	19.9 ± 0.89^a	53.7 ± 1.60^a	7.47 ± 0.17^a	7.70 ± 0.35^b
	ZTDSR_R+	291.5 ± 15.49^a	20.6 ± 1.09^a	55.9 ± 1.21^a	8.29 ± 0.19^a	8.70 ± 0.46^a
	ZTTPR	271.4 ± 16.63^a	18.6 ± 1.14^a	48.0 ± 1.12^b	6.96 ± 0.24^a	5.60 ± 0.34^c
	ZTTPR _R+	282.0 ± 12.82^a	19.7 ± 0.90^a	52.2 ± 0.97^a	7.59 ± 0.32^a	5.80 ± 0.26^c
	PTR	253.2 ± 10.74^a	18.3 ± 0.78^a	43.9 ± 1.23^b	7.27 ± 0.18^a	5.50 ± 0.23^c
	PTR _R+	258.9 ± 3.23^a	20.4 ± 0.25^a	44.6 ± 0.72^b	7.26 ± 0.19^a	5.70 ± 0.07^c

Different letters in a column are significantly different at p < 0.05 according to Duncan’s multiple range test.