Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients treated surgically or non-surgically.
| Surgery (N = 47) | Non-surgically treated patients (N = 212) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) | 65.3 (59.6–71.0) | 73.1 (66.6–79.9) |
| BMI kg/m2 (median, IQR) | 26.0 (22.9–28.4) | 27.2 (24.2–30.4) |
| Male, n (%) | 27 (57.4%) | 155 (73.1%) |
| Treatment | ||
| Surgery | 47 (100.0%) | – |
| Local ablation (RF, laser) | – | 20 (9.4%) |
| PEI | – | 4 (1.9%) |
| TACE | – | 45 (21.2%) |
| Palliative/best supportive treatment | – | 143 (67.5%) |
| Sample type | ||
| Surgical resection sample | 43 (91.5%) | 8 (3.8%) |
| Core-needle biopsy | 4 (8.5%) | 204 (96.2%) |
| Bud-negative | 23 (48.9%) | 131 (61.8%) |
| Bud-positive | 24 (51.1%) | 81 (38.2%) |
| High TSR | 34 (72.3%) | 172 (81.1%) |
| Low TSR | 13 (27.7%) | 40 (18.9%) |
| Alcohol consumption | ||
| History of alcohol consumption | 5 (10.6%) | 72 (34.0%) |
| No/missing | 42 (89.4%) | 140 (66.0%) |
| Liver cirrhosis | 15 (31.9%) | 79 (37.3%) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||
| 0 | 12 (25.5%) | 21 (9.9%) |
| 1 | 19 (40.4%) | 59 (27.9%) |
| 2 | 12 (25.5%) | 64 (30.4%) |
| 3 | 4 (8.5%) | 41 (19.3%) |
| 4 or higher | – | 26 (12.3%) |
| Child–Pugh classification | ||
| Child–Pugh A | 29 (61.7%) | 125 (59.0%) |
| Child–Pugh B | 1 (2.1%) | 39 (18.4%) |
| Child–Pugh C | – | 10 (4.7%) |
| Missing | 17 (36.2%) | 38 (17.9%) |
| ASA status, n (%) | ||
| Grade I | 9 (19.1%) | 4 (1.9%) |
| Grade II | 9 (19.1%) | 36 (17.0%) |
| Grade III | 29 (61.7%) | 146 (68.9%) |
| Grade IV or higher | – | 26 (12.3%) |
| WHO performance status | ||
| Grade 1 | 30 (63.8%) | 40 (18.9%) |
| Grade 2 | 12 (25.5%) | 81 (38.2%) |
| Grade 3 | 5 (19.6%) | 70 (33.0%) |
| Grade 4 or higher | – | 21 (9.9%) |
| AFP, median (IQR) | 7.0 (3.0–260.5) | 10 (4.0–157.5) |