Table 1.
Characterization of Participants and Comparison of Gesture Performance
| (a) | HC (SD) | SZ (SD) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women (%) | 41.0 (n = 18) | 37.0 (n = 17) | Χ 2 = 0.15 | .70 |
| Age (years) | 38.8 (13.6) | 38.0 (11.5) | Z = −0.03 | .98 |
| Education (years) | 14.1 (2.7) | 13.5 (3.1) | T(88) = −1.10 | .28 |
| TONI | 110.6 (10.1) | 97.2 (11.3) | Z = −4.97 | <.001 |
| FAB | 17.6 (0.7) | 16.0 (2.8) | Z = −4.17 | <.001 |
| DOI (years) | 12.1 (12.4) | |||
| CPZ (mg/d) | 405.9 (345.7) | |||
| PANSS total | 72.7 (17.3) | |||
| PANSS pos | 18.1 (6.5) | |||
| PANSS neg | 18.4 (5.1) | |||
| AIMS | 2.4 (3.9) | |||
| BFCRS | 1.8 (3.9) | |||
| (b) | HC (SD) | SZ (SD) | P | |
| Total TULIA score of right hand | 225.67 (±7.63) | 204.03 (±28.28) | Z = −4.98 | <.001 |
Note: HC, healthy controls; SZ, patients with schizophrenia; SD, standard deviation; TONI, test of nonverbal intelligence; FAB, frontal assessment battery; DOI, duration of illness; CPZ, chlorpromazine equivalents; PANSS, Positive and Negative Symptom Scale; AIMS, Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale; MRS, modified Rogers Scale; BFCRS, Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale; TULIA, test of upper limb apraxia; HC: healthy controls; SZ, patients with schizophrenia; SD, Standard deviation.