Table 1.

Characteristrics of included studies.

Study	Design	Location	Funding source	Number of Patients	Age (years)	Indication	Hydroxychloroquine Dose	Duration of therapy (weeks)
Boonpiyathad 2017 [10]	Superiority single-blind RCT	1 site in Thailand	Non-industry	48; 24 vs. 24	33 vs. 34	Chronic spontaneous urticaria	400 mg/day	12
Clark 1993 [11]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	1 site in Mexico	Industry	121; 63 vs. 58	39 vs. 36	Rheumatoid arthritis	400 mg/day	24
HERA Group 1995 [12]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	6 sites in Canada	Industry	119; 59 vs. 60	53 vs. 53	Rheumatoid arthritis	200 mg/day, then 400 mg/day after 2 weeks if tolerated	36
Kavanaugh 1997 [13]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	1 site in U.S.	Non-industry	17; 12 vs. 5	Not available	Systemic lupus erythematosus	400 mg and 800 mg/day	12
Lee 2018 [14]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	6 sites in Netherlands	Non-industry	196; 98 vs. 98	58 vs. 58	Osteoarthritis	400 mg q24 h	24
Liu 2019 [15]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	1 site Finland	Non-industry	60; 30 vs. 30	38 vs. 36	IgA nephropathy	200 mg q12 h	24
Paton 2012 [16]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	10 sites in U.K.	Non-industry	83; 42 vs. 41	37 vs. 38	Asymptomatic HIV infection	400 mg/day	48
Van Gool 2001 [17]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	4 sites in Netherlands	Non-industry	169; 83 vs. 86	70 vs. 71	Alzheimer's disease	200 mg and 400 mg/day	72
Yokogawa 2017 [18]	Superiority, double-blind RCT	22 sites in Japan	Industry	103; 77 vs. 26	43 vs. 43	Cutaneous lupus erythematosus	200 mg and 400 mg/day	16