Table 3. Influence of HH income on RR of nutrient intake & osteoporosis with analysis by ethnicity and gender, age 50 and older.
| Test | Population | Calcium Intake Inadequate, Poverty versus Non-poverty | Vitamin D Intake Inadequate, Poverty versus Non-poverty | Calcium & Vitamin D Supplement Users, Poverty versus Non-poverty | RR of Osteoporosis, Poverty versus Non-poverty | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female Cohort | RR of Osteoporosis given HH Income below $20,000 | Total Population | 1.449 ± 0.014✝ | 1.264 ± 0.018✝ | 1.442 ± 0.013✝ | 1.507 ± 0.013✝ |
| Mexican American | 1.64 ± 0.04✝ | 1.983 ± 0.058✝ | 1.646 ± 0.036✝ | 1.521 ± 0.033✝ | ||
| Other Hispanic | 1.147 ± 0.052✝ | 0.91 ± 0.059✝ | 1.232 ± 0.049✝ | 1.356 ± 0.047✝ | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.157 ± 0.016✝ | 0.684 ± 0.007✝ | 1.016 ± 0.013✝ | 0.904 ± 0.012✝ | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.674 ± 0.022✝ | 1.428 ± 0.032✝ | 1.706 ± 0.021✝ | 1.835 ± 0.019✝ | ||
| All Other People | 1.25 ± 0.078✝ | -- | 1.184 ± 0.072✝ | 1.363 ± 0.073✝ | ||
| Odds of Nutrient Intake Inadequacy given HH Income below $20,000 | Total Population | 1.034 ± 0.029✝ | 1.149 ± 0.017✝ | 1.012 ± 0.03✝ | ||
| Mexican American | 1.005 ± 0.066✝ | 0.897 ± 0.045✝ | 0.965 ± 0.069✝ | |||
| Other Hispanic | 1.171 ± 0.094✝ | 1.059 ± 0.058✝ | 1.09 ± 0.096✝ | |||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.965 ± 0.071✝ | 1.156 ± 0.05✝ | 0.983 ± 0.073✝ | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.047 ± 0.042✝ | 1.296 ± 0.022✝ | 1.021 ± 0.043✝ | |||
| All Other People | 0.958 ± 0.115✝ | 0.821 ± 0.046✝ | 0.966 ± 0.119✝ | |||
| Male Cohort | RR of Osteoporosis given HH Income below $20,000 | Total Population | 1.268 ± 0.004✝ | 1.7 ± 0.003✝ | 1.393 ± 0.002✝ | 1.534 ± 0.003✝ |
| Mexican American | 1.163 ± 0.003 | -- | 0.881 ± 0.006✝ | 1.15 ± 0.001✝ | ||
| Other Hispanic | -- | -- | -- | 0.981 ± 0.003 | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 2.08 ± 0.012✝ | 3.121 ± 0.024 | 2.275 ± 0.018✝ | 2.057 ± 0.012✝ | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.38 ± 0.013✝ | 1.464 ± 0.006✝ | 1.539 ± 0.01✝ | 1.768 ± 0.008✝ | ||
| All Other People | 2.067 ± 0.065✝ | 4.385 ± 0.09✝ | 3.221 ± 0.063✝ | 1.845 ± 0.04✝ | ||
| Odds of Nutrient Intake Inadequacy given HH Income below $20,000 | Total Population | 1.195 ± 0.026✝ | 1.252 ± 0.022✝ | 1.108 ± 0.029✝ | ||
| Mexican American | 1.187 ± 0.063✝ | 1.34 ± 0.059✝ | 1.119 ± 0.07✝ | |||
| Other Hispanic | 1.044 ± 0.085✝ | 0.974 ± 0.07✝ | 1.036 ± 0.094✝ | |||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.318 ± 0.063✝ | 1.318 ± 0.056✝ | 1.205 ± 0.068✝ | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.182 ± 0.037✝ | 1.186 ± 0.03✝ | 1.083 ± 0.042✝ | |||
| All Other People | 0.893 ± 0.093✝ | 1.262 ± 0.08✝ | 0.859 ± 0.104✝ | |||
| All | RR of Osteoporosis given HH Income below $20,000 | Total Population | 1.45 ± 0.008✝ | 1.414 ± 0.008✝ | 1.49 ± 0.007✝ | 1.618 ± 0.007✝ |
| Mexican American | 1.695 ± 0.024✝ | 1.817 ± 0.029✝ | 1.633 ± 0.02✝ | 1.681 ± 0.018✝ | ||
| Other Hispanic | 1.16 ± 0.029 | 0.964 ± 0.023✝ | 1.222 ± 0.025 | 1.364 ± 0.024✝ | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.253 ± 0.006✝ | 1.128 ± 0.001✝ | 1.174 ± 0.004✝ | 1.123 ± 0.003✝ | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.644 ± 0.014✝ | 1.595 ± 0.016✝ | 1.736 ± 0.013✝ | 1.943 ± 0.011✝ | ||
| All Other People | 1.403 ± 0.05✝ | 1.159 ± 0.05✝ | 1.52 ± 0.047✝ | 1.475 ± 0.041✝ | ||
| Odds of Nutrient Intake Inadequacy given HH Income below $20,000 | Total Population | 1.116 ± 0.02✝ | 1.189 ± 0.013✝ | 1.064 ± 0.021✝ | ||
| Mexican American | 1.105 ± 0.047✝ | 1.08 ± 0.034✝ | 1.048 ± 0.05✝ | |||
| Other Hispanic | 1.132 ± 0.065✝ | 1.015 ± 0.044✝ | 1.074 ± 0.068✝ | |||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1.12 ± 0.048✝ | 1.235 ± 0.037✝ | 1.088 ± 0.05✝ | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.123 ± 0.029✝ | 1.22 ± 0.018✝ | 1.061 ± 0.031✝ | |||
| All Other People | 0.934 ± 0.076✝ | 1.047 ± 0.042✝ | 0.921 ± 0.08✝ | |||
Reported means and standard deviations
✝: indicates statistically significant result (one-tailed p value < 0.25%). “—”indicates insufficient sample sizes for statistical analysis or non-applicable.