Table 3.
Bivariate analysis for medical complications.a
|
Complication Rate, % |
RR |
95% CI |
P
Valueb |
|
| Age | ||||
| ≤50 y | 3.8 | Ref | ||
| >50 y | 13.3 | 3.5 | 1.45–8.51 | .005 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 5.8 | Ref | ||
| Male | 10.5 | 1.8 | 0.82–4.08 | .141 |
| Body mass index | ||||
| <30 kg/m2 | 10.5 | Ref | ||
| ≥30 kg/m2 | 5.4 | 0.5 | 0.22–1.19 | .123 |
| Current smoker | ||||
| No | 7.7 | Ref | ||
| Yes | 10.9 | 1.4 | 0.62–3.22 | .407 |
| ASA score | ||||
| ≤2 | 7.9 | Ref | ||
| >2 | 10.5 | 1.3 | 0.60–3.17 | .518 |
| Ageless Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||
| <2 | 8.2 | Ref | ||
| ≥2 | 8.5 | 1.0 | 0.49–2.15 | .947 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | 6.5 | Ref | ||
| Yes | 11.9 | 1.8 | 0.89–3.84 | .102 |
| Diabetic status | ||||
| No diabetes mellitus | 8.2 | Ref | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 9.5 | 1.2 | 0.42–3.20 | .774 |
| Presence of myelopathy | ||||
| No myelopathy | 5.6 | Ref | ||
| Myelopathy | 10.3 | 1.9 | 0.80–4.30 | .147 |
| Preoperative VAS pain score | ||||
| <7 | 9.1 | Ref | ||
| ≥7 | 8.1 | 0.9 | 0.43–1.87 | .765 |
| Operative duration | ||||
| ≤60 min | 7.0 | Ref | ||
| >60 min | 9.8 | 1.4 | 0.66–2.95 | .378 |
| Estimated blood loss | ||||
| <50 mL | 11.3 | Ref | ||
| ≥50 mL | 7.5 | 0.7 | 0.30–1.47 | .318 |
| Number of operative levels | ||||
| 1 level | 8.1 | Ref | ||
| 2 levels | 8.8 | 1.1 | 0.52–2.27 | .834 |
Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; CI, confidence interval; ref, reference; RR, relative ratio; VAS, visual analog scale.
a
Boldface indicates statistical significance.
b
P value calculated using Poisson regression with robust error variance.