Table 2. Associations of FPG, 2-hr PPPG, GDM status at 26 weeks’ gestation with cIMT, cfPWV, AIx AIx@75 at age 6 years.
| cIMT, per 10 mm n = 479 |
cfPWV, m/s n = 479 |
AIx, % n = 479 |
AIx@75, % n = 479 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β [CI 95%] | β [CI 95%] | β [CI 95%] | β [CI 95%] | |||||
| Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |
| FPG, mmol/L | 0.06 [0.00; 0.12] | 0.08 [0.02; 0.15]b | 0.29 [0.06; 0.52]b | 0.16 [-0.09; 0.40] | -0.15 [-2.14; 1.84] | -0.04 [-2.19; 2.11] | 0.25 [-1.74; 2.24] | 0.09 [-2.07; 2.25] |
| 2-hr PPPG, mmol/L | 0.01 [-0.01; 0.03] | 0.01 [-0.01; 0.03] | 0.05 [-0.02; 0.13] | 0.08 [0.00; 0.15] | 0.51 [-0.12; 1.13] | 0.77 [0.10; 1.45]b | 0.75 [0.13; 1.38]b | 0.89 [0.22; 1.57]b |
| GDMe | 0.02 [0.01; 0.04]d | 0.01 [-0.07; 0.08] | 0.22 [0.16; 0.28]e | 0.23 [-0.05; 0.51] | 2.17 [1.64; 2.70]e | 2.69 [0.28; 5.10]b | 2.84 [2.31; 3.36]e | 3.07 [0.65; 5.50]b |
Multiple linear and logistic regressions on multiple imputed datasets (n=20) also adjusted for study center, child’s sex, paternal height, maternal characteristics (ethnicity, age at delivery, height, pre-pregnancy BMI, educational attainment, BP category before 20 weeks’ gestation, active smoking status at 26 weeks’ gestation, exposure to tobacco at home and/or work in early pregnancy and at 26 weeks).
P-value<0.05.
GDM defined using WHO 1999 criteria.
P-value<0.01.
P-value<0.0001.
Abbreviations: cIMT: carotid intima media thickness, cfPWV: carotid femoral pulse wave velocity, AIx: augmentation index, AIx@75: augmentation index normalized to a heart rate of 75 beats/min, SBP: systolic blood pressure, DBP: diastolic blood pressure, FPG: fasting plasma glucose, PPPG: postprandial plasma glucose, GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus.