Table 2.
Demographic Data for the CAH-DEX Cohort (n = 11) and for the CAH Subgroup (n = 21)
| Female | Male | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAH | CAH-DEX | CAH | CAH-DEX | P (DEX) CAH-DEX vs CAH (f) | P (DEX) CAH-DEX vs CAH (m) | |
| Number of patients | 11 | 6 | 10 | 5 | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 11.1 (3.6) | 11.8 (3.8) | 11.6 (1.5) | 11.5 (0.9) | 0.717 | 0.869 |
| HC (mg/m 2 ) , mean (SD) | 12.4 (4.1) | 12.4 (3.6) | 10.9 (1.4) | 14.6 (2.5) | 0.967 | 0.002 |
| Fludrocortisone (μg), mean (SD) | 128.63 (54.8) | 75.04 (25.0) | 102.85 (47.5) | 83.36 (28.9) | 0.071 | 0.526 |
| SES/Parental academic exam, n (%) 1 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 75.0 | 40.0 | 1.000 | 0.241 |
| Birth length (z-score) | 0.3 (2.4) | –0.7 (1.5) | 0.9 (1.5) | –0.2 (1.6) | 0.349 | 0.215 |
| Birth length (cm) 2 , mean (SD) | 50.2 (4.6) | 48.1 (2.2) | 52.5 (2.0) | 51.6 (3.2) | ||
| Birth weight (z-score) | 0.1 (0.6) | –0.2 (0.4) | 0.1 (0.4) | –0.1 (0.5) | 0.337 | 0.424 |
| Birth weight (g) 2 , mean (SD) | 3502.6 (930.1) | 2977.5 (653.1) | 3825.2 (274.8) | 3663.0 (752.0) | ||
| Gestational week (SD) | 39.4 (2.4) | 38.1 (2.2) | 40.1 (1.7) | 40.3 (1.1) | 0.286 | 0.816 |
The CAH subgroup was matched for sex and age with the CAH-DEX patients and used as a control group in the between group analyses. CAH-DEX boys were treated with a higher dose of HC at the time of testing, compared with CAH boys not prenatally treated.
Abbreviations: CAH, congenital adrenal hyperplasia; CAH-DEX, CAH who were treated prenatally with DEX; DEX, dexamethasone; HC, hydrocortisone dose; N/A, not applicable; SD, standard deviation; SES, socioeconomic status.
1SES estimated as parental education at university level (%).
2Values not adjusted for gestational age.
3n = 7; 4n = 5; 5n = 9; 6n = 3
Statistical analyses for differences between groups were calculated using Fisher’s exact test (two-sided).