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Schematic diagram shows the potential role IDO1 coud play in the cartilage. Proinflammatory cytokines in the cartilage in response to injury can elicit MSCs to producing IDO1. High levels of IDO1 me-tabolites modulate MSCs to produce TSG-6 which has a chondrogenic inhibition potential. It stimulates cleavage of casepase3 in the chondrocytes that induces chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation by mmp13.
