Figure 3.

Effects of cattle breed, Holstein or Angus, and basal diet, grain or forage, on ruminal pH. Solid black line (●) = Angus steers fed a grain-based diet; solid gray line (▲) = Holstein steers fed a grain-based diet; dash black line (●) = Angus steers a fed forage-based diet; dash gray line (▲) = Holstein steers fed a forage-based diet. There was no interaction (P ≥ 0.64) of diet × breed, hour × breed, or diet × hour × breed. There was no main effect of breed (P = 0.37). There was a main effect of diet (P < 0.01) and a diet × hour interaction (P < 0.01). Steers fed grain-based diets had lesser ruminal pH than steers fed forage-based diets at 3, 6, and 12 h post-morning feeding (*). Error bars are associated with the interaction between diet × breed × hour (SEM = 0.22).