Table A1.
Key variables of left-behind women’s livelihood fragility in China.
| Variables | Percentage (%) | Age | Education | Number of Children | Separation Months with Husband | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20–30 | 31–40 | 41–50 | 51–60 | 0 | 1–6 | 7–9 | 10–12 | >12 | 0 | 1 | 2 | >2 | <6 | 6–12 | >12 | ||
| Gossip trouble | |||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 26.4 | 19.7 | 49.3 | 26.1 | 4.9 | 1.5 | 24.4 | 53.2 | 18.9 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 46.0 | 48.0 | 4.5 | 38.6 | 34.5 | 26.9 |
| No | 73.6 | 19.2 | 47.8 | 29.5 | 3.5 | 2.1 | 21.3 | 60.5 | 14.3 | 1.8 | 4.6 | 47.2 | 44.1 | 4.1 | 37.0 | 38.5 | 24.5 |
| Health condition | |||||||||||||||||
| Ideal | 36 | 27.8 | 48.5 | 22.0 | 1.7 | 0.0 | 17.8 | 60.1 | 19.6 | 2.5 | 4.9 | 48.8 | 43.8 | 2.5 | 33.8 | 40.0 | 26.2 |
| Medium | 52.7 | 14.7 | 50.0 | 30.8 | 4.5 | 2.2 | 24.2 | 58.6 | 13.6 | 1.4 | 3.9 | 47.2 | 45.2 | 3.7 | 37.7 | 38.5 | 23.8 |
| Bad | 9.4 | 19.7 | 36.8 | 36.8 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 30.3 | 52.6 | 9.2 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 43.1 | 44.4 | 12.5 | 46.5 | 29.6 | 23.9 |
| Extremely bad | 1.9 | 25.0 | 25.0 | 43.8 | 6.2 | 0.0 | 31.3 | 68.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 62.5 | 31.3 | 6.2 | 73.3 | 20.0 | 6.7 |
| Time for doing housework per day | |||||||||||||||||
| 1 h | 16.5 | 33.6 | 39.6 | 26.1 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 19.5 | 56.4 | 21.1 | 1.5 | 6.1 | 57.3 | 34.4 | 2.2 | 39.2 | 40.0 | 20.8 |
| 2 h | 38.9 | 18.4 | 49.0 | 27.4 | 5.2 | 1.6 | 20.9 | 59.5 | 16.3 | 1.7 | 4.0 | 43.7 | 46.7 | 5.6 | 48.1 | 33.9 | 18.0 |
| 3 h | 25.6 | 19.8 | 51.2 | 26.6 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 24.1 | 58.1 | 11.8 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 46.0 | 47.0 | 3.5 | 32.0 | 40.5 | 27.5 |
| ≥4 h | 19.0 | 11.1 | 47.7 | 35.3 | 5.9 | 1.3 | 26.8 | 59.5 | 11.8 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 49.3 | 45.8 | 3.5 | 23.4 | 40.0 | 36.6 |
| Time for education children per day | |||||||||||||||||
| 1 h | 48.7 | 16.0 | 48.6 | 30.4 | 5.0 | 1.9 | 24.4 | 56.2 | 15.4 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 46.2 | 45.7 | 4.6 | 40.1 | 36.2 | 23.7 |
| 2 h | 37.9 | 25.8 | 50.7 | 21.5 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 21.2 | 59.0 | 16.7 | 1.7 | 4.9 | 45.8 | 45.1 | 4.2 | 35.7 | 41.5 | 22.8 |
| 3 h | 10.5 | 16.9 | 45.8 | 34.9 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 18.1 | 66.3 | 13.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 61.5 | 38.5 | 0.0 | 21.8 | 39.7 | 38.5 |
| ≥4 h | 2.9 | 39.1 | 30.4 | 26.1 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 13.0 | 73.9 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 59.1 | 27.3 | 9.1 | 60.9 | 17.4 | 21.7 |
| Time for caring for the elderly per day | |||||||||||||||||
| 1 h | 59.0 | 22.7 | 50.9 | 24.4 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 20.6 | 58.0 | 18.2 | 1.7 | 3.3 | 47.2 | 45.1 | 4.4 | 37.9 | 39.1 | 23.0 |
| 2 h | 30.0 | 17.8 | 51.0 | 27.7 | 3.5 | 0.5 | 21.8 | 62.9 | 13.7 | 1.1 | 4.6 | 45.1 | 46.7 | 3.6 | 36.7 | 33.0 | 30.3 |
| 3 h | 6.8 | 19.1 | 51.1 | 29.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 21.3 | 70.2 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 53.2 | 44.7 | 0.0 | 18.6 | 46.5 | 34.9 |
| ≥4 h | 4.2 | 10.3 | 31.0 | 48.3 | 10.4 | 0.0 | 32.1 | 57.1 | 10.8 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 58.3 | 29.2 | 8.3 | 29.6 | 37.0 | 33.4 |
| Proportion of left-behind women’s income in total household income | |||||||||||||||||
| <20% | 44.2 | 20.7 | 48.6 | 25.6 | 5.1 | 2.9 | 26.2 | 54.2 | 14.9 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 47.2 | 43.3 | 6.2 | 39.3 | 35.0 | 25.7 |
| 20–40% | 35.8 | 15.5 | 51.8 | 29.9 | 2.8 | 0.7 | 21.1 | 59.3 | 17.9 | 1.0 | 5.1 | 44.0 | 48.4 | 2.5 | 33.3 | 42.2 | 24.5 |
| 41–60% | 14.6 | 36.5 | 36.5 | 26.1 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 19.1 | 64.3 | 12.2 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 56.5 | 38.3 | 0.9 | 39.8 | 38.1 | 22.1 |
| 61–80% | 3.9 | 6.5 | 45.2 | 45.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 19.4 | 74.2 | 3.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 43.3 | 6.7 | 32.1 | 46.4 | 21.5 |
| >80% | 1.5 | 8.3 | 58.3 | 33.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 16.7 | 75.0 | 8.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 0.0 | 54.5 | 27.3 | 18.2 |
| Taking important decisions pertaining to the family, agricultural production, and life independently | |||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 31.5 | 19.8 | 46.2 | 30.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 20.9 | 62.1 | 14.2 | 0.8 | 4.1 | 46.7 | 45.9 | 3.3 | 35.1 | 41.8 | 23.1 |
| No | 68.5 | 19.9 | 48.6 | 27.6 | 3.9 | 1.7 | 23.6 | 57.1 | 15.4 | 2.2 | 3.8 | 47.8 | 43.8 | 4.6 | 38.6 | 36.1 | 25.3 |