Table 1.
Clinical data and tests.
| Case | Age | Gender | Antibodies Type | Cognitive Impairment | Behavioral Disorder | Seizures | Treatment | Improvement after Treatment | EEG | CSF * | PET Result | MRI Result | Additional |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 17 | F | NMDAR | Yes | Yes | Yes | Ig + MP | Yes | + | + | abnormal | normal | - |
| 2 | 74 | M | LGI-1 | Yes | No | Yes | Ig + MP + rituximab | Yes | + | + | abnormal | abnormal | hyponatremia |
| 3 | 65 | M | CASPR2 | Yes | No | Yes | Ig + MP + rituximab | Yes | + | + | abnormal | abnormal | - |
| 4 | 77 | F | LGI-1 | Yes | Yes | Yes | Ig + MP | Yes | + | − | abnormal | abnormal | hyponatremia |
| 5 | 70 | F | No | Yes | No | No | Ig + MP | Yes | − | − | abnormal | normal *** | - |
| 6 | 78 | M | CASPR2 | Yes | Yes | Yes ** | Ig + MP | Yes | − | − | abnormal | abnormal | - |
CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; EEG: electroencephalogram; F: female; Ig + MP: immunoglobulins 0.4 g/kg/day and methylprednisolone 1 g/day for 5 days; M: male. * Abnormal CSF was mainly lymphocytic pleocytosis with normal glucose and mild elevation of proteins (>50 mg/dL). + Abnormal findings as described for autoimmune encephalitis; − normal findings as described for autoimmune encephalitis. ** The patient had episodes suggestive of autonomic seizures that were not monitored with EEG. *** Initial MRI was normal but a second MRI performed one month later was pathological.