Table 2.
Mean TE concentrations and standard error of the soil per treatment as measured in 2016 and 2019 at the Longueuil, QC, industrial landfill site.
| Barium | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 262.7 | 38.33 | 337.5 | 47.94 | 339.8 | 52.62 | 464.8 | 64.19 | 362.9 | 39.5 |
| 2019 | 247.9 | 35.27 | 298.1 | 38.43 | 247.5 | 39.8 | 264.3 * | 22.84 | 302.3 | 38.85 |
| Cadmium | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 5.64 | 1.03 | 7.6 | 1.91 | 7.16 | 1.28 | 6.99 | 1.02 | 6.35 | 1.23 |
| 2019 | 5.4 | 1.08 | 7.17 | 1.71 | 7.55 | 1.58 | 4.83 * | 0.72 | 4.89 | 0.75 |
| Copper | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 375.4 | 74.65 | 377.8 | 88.09 | 948.8 | 295.88 | 1261.6 | 476.76 | 526.7 | 94.17 |
| 2019 | 601.4 | 265.34 | 324.2 | 68.66 | 581.6 | 105.64 | 351.4 | 65.09 | 390.3 * | 61.04 |
| Lead | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 587.2 | 128.68 | 781.5 | 208.51 | 1010.4 | 178.19 | 1334 | 258.36 | 1672.7 | 931.39 |
| 2019 | 557 | 123.23 | 713.7 | 194.74 | 792 | 175.93 | 594.3 * | 156.94 | 622.7 | 124.49 |
| Nickel | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 87.1 | 9.29 | 107.2 | 12.74 | 114.1 | 13.45 | 118.2 | 12.89 | 93.2 | 11.67 |
| 2019 | 88.6 | 13.04 | 68.5 * | 6.99 | 95.9 | 16.47 | 79.5 * | 9.98 | 62.6 * | 4.42 |
| Tin | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 225.5 | 60.46 | 337.6 | 111.24 | 559.6 | 117.66 | 542.8 | 101.18 | 497.5 | 155.08 |
| 2019 | 244.6 | 62.51 | 247 | 72.06 | 410.7 | 123.79 | 265.9 * | 88.58 | 218.5 | 53.74 |
| Zinc | CN | SX | AM | EM | XX | |||||
| Year | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. | Mean | Std. Err. |
| 2016 | 1753.9 | 300.35 | 1697.7 | 324.05 | 1992.7 | 325.54 | 2063.6 | 249.48 | 2001.3 | 355.89 |
| 2019 | 2070.1 | 393.19 | 1346 * | 280.25 | 1656.3 | 259.44 | 1363.6 * | 236.71 | 1455.2 | 236.43 |
n = 5 for each year and treatment combination. For each treatment, asterisks (*) show that the mean TE concentration was significantly different from the previous measurement (2016 vs. 2019). CN = Non-planted control; SX = Willow non-inoculated; AM = Willow + AMF inoculation; EM = Willow + ECM inoculation; XX = Willow + AMF + ECM inoculation; Std. Err. = Standard error.