Table 5.

Check-list for maintenance activities and interventions.

Field of Interest	Criterion	Definition	Requisite	Answer
ROOM DIMENSION AND LAYOUT	TYPE OF INTERVENTION	The criterion investigates the typology of intervention applied in the room. In relation to the activities carried out, it is possible to develop several considerations related to management strategies to be applied [55,56].	Do the interventions involve hard modifications of the room?	□ yes □ no
			If not, do the interventions involve punctual modifications of the room?	□ yes □ no
			If not, do the interventions involve maintenance activities on the installations and/or ventilation pipes of the room and/or inpatient ward?	□ yes □ no
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS	MATERIALS’ CERTIFICATIONS	The criterion verifies if the designers have selected materials with minimal risks for health and healthy spaces [71].	Have the designers selected certificated materials?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
			If not, do they analyze chemical composition and emissivity of materials, selecting the healthier ones?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS	MATERIALS’ PERFORMANCES	The criterion verifies if the designers have selected durable materials that facilitate cleaning activity [80].	Do the designers select durable materials that facilitate cleaning and maintenance activities?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
FINISHING MATERIALS	MATERIALS LAYING	The criterion investigates the completeness of the work performed and the performances of materials [80].	Have the materials been laid correctly?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
FINISHING MATERIALS	MATERIALS TREATMENT	The criterion investigates the treatments adopted for improving materials’ performances (linoleum, wood, etc.) [80].	Have finishing materials been treated with chemical agents to improve their performance?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
FURNITURE	FURNITURE INSTALLATION	The criterion investigates the completeness of furniture installation, without any damages to the material that can affect the performance of the materials [18,72].	Has the furniture been installed correctly?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY	VENTILATION SYSTEM	Although typical ventilation systems are not affected by chemical pollution, the risk can be caused by the introduction of inadequate cleaning products. The criterion evaluates the products used for cleaning ventilation pipes. For this reason, the number of cleaning activities is not compulsory, even if inadequate cleaning products do not affect the indoor air [15].	Has the ventilation system been cleaned properly, with the use of adequate cleaning agents and disinfectants?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY	ACTIONS AFTER INSTALLATION	The criterion verifies if the managers of the hospital have guaranteed adequate ventilation in the room for emissions’ reduction after the installation/intervention [81].	Have the managers guaranteed the adequate ventilation for a minimum of 72 h after products’ installation/intervention?	□ yes □ no
MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY	ROOM OCCUPANCY	The criterion investigates the regular occupation of the room [81]. The intervention/installation in the first months can cause high emissions of pollution (whose peaks are registered in the first days after installation), so it is essential to ensure a ventilation rate greater than normal conditions in order to eliminate contaminants from the indoor settings [81].	Is the inpatient room regularly occupied by users, after a few days from the interventions?	□ yes □ no
			Is there a ventilation rate greater than normal conditions, in order to dilute contaminants from the room?	□ yes □ no
CLEANING ACTIVITY	ROOM CLEANING AFTER INTERVENTION	After maintenance activities and interventions, the hygienic conditions of the room are not adequate for users’ health status. For this reason, the criterion verifies if the room has been cleaned properly [77,81].	Has the room been cleaned properly after the intervention?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
CLEANING ACTIVITY	ROOM CLEANING AFTER INTERVENTION	The criterion investigates the composition of detergents, verifying the consistency of the cleaning products on finishing and furniture [51].	Do the cleaning products comply with finishing materials?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
CLEANING ACTIVITY	AIR CHANGE AFTER (EXTRA-ORDINARY) CLEANING ACTIVITY	The criterion verifies if an adequate air change has been guaranteed in the room after the (extra-ordinary) cleaning activity [80,82].	Have the cleaners opened the windows after (extra-ordinary) cleaning activities?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
			If it is not possible to open the windows, have some forced ventilation strategies been applied for improving air changes?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable
CLEANING ACTIVITY	WINDOWS WASHING	The criterion verifies the detergents used for (extra-ordinary) windows washing in the inpatient rooms [51].	Are the windows washed with detergents with alcohols or phenol?	□ yes □ no □ not applicable