Table 1.
Demographic Data and Incidence of Any STI Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Schizophrenia and Controls
| Demographics | Schizophrenia (n = 44 109) | Controls (n = 176 436) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment (years, SD, n, %) | 23.28 (4.38) | 23.29 (4.39) | .805 |
| Male: female (%) | 58.2%: 41.8% | 58.2%: 41.8% | 1.000 |
| Atypical antipsychotics (n, %) | <.001 | ||
| <30 cDDD | 10 268 (23.3) | 175 866 (99.7) | |
| 30–364 cDDD | 9518 (21.6) | 464 (0.3) | |
| ≥365 cDDD | 24 323 (55.1) | 106 (0.1) | |
| Frequency of admission for schizophrenia (n, %) | |||
| <1/year | 38 972 (88.4) | ||
| 1–2/year | 2706 (6.1) | ||
| >2/year | 2431 (5.5) | ||
| Incidence of any STI (n, 100,000 person-years) | 1306 (363.40) | 2216 (152.10) | <.001 |
| HIV | 119 (32.59) | 133 (9.09) | <.001 |
| Syphilis | 266 (73.05) | 181 (12.38) | <.001 |
| Genital warts | 250 (68.52) | 406 (27.77) | <.001 |
| Gonorrhea | 145 (39.73) | 189 (12.92) | <.001 |
| Chlamydial infection | 188 (51.50) | 483 (33.04) | <.001 |
| Trichomoniasis | 456 (125.44) | 912 (62.45) | <.001 |
| Age at any STI (years, SD) | 27.41 (4.96) | 31.57 (4.26) | <.001 |
| Time to first STI (years, SD) | 3.97 (2.80) | 6.33 (2.58) | <.001 |
| Psychiatric comorbidities (n, %) | |||
| Disruptive behavior disorders | 1002 (2.3) | 219 (0.1) | <.001 |
| Alcohol use disorders | 3244 (7.4) | 3561 (2.0) | <.001 |
| Substance use disorders | 6205 (14.1) | 5089 (2.9) | <.001 |
| IV drug abuse/dependence | 191 (0.4) | 107 (0.1) | <.001 |
| Level of urbanization | <.001 | ||
| 1 (most urbanized) | 8877 (20.1) | 56 535 (32.0) | |
| 2 | 14 055 (31.9) | 55 371 (31.4) | |
| 3 | 6531 (14.8) | 33 262 (18.9) | |
| 4 | 5550 (12.6) | 20 888 (11.8) | |
| 5 (most rural) | 9096 (20.6) | 10 380 (5.9) | |
| Income-related insured amount | <.001 | ||
| ≤15 840 NTD/month | 27 447 (62.2) | 48 674 (27.6) | |
| 15 841–25 000 NTD/month | 13 701 (31.1) | 66 244 (37.5) | |
| ≥25 001 NTD/month | 2961 (6.7) | 61 518 (34.9) | |
| Follow-up duration (years) | 8.15 (2.81) | 8.26 (2.71) | <.001 |
Note: STI, sexually transmitted infection; NTD, new Taiwan dollar; SD, standard deviation; IV, intravenous; cDDD, cumulative defined daily dose.