d: width of repeating unit (m or μm)

E: electric field

H0: initial displacement along microchannel height (m or μm)

H: height (m or μm)

g: acceleration due to weight (m/s2)

F: force (N)

Ks: surface conductance (S)

L: length of the electrode (m or μm)

N: number of microparticles for determining ∆W and ∆H (-)

n: number of electrodes (-)

Q: flow rate (m3/s or μL/h)

Re(fCM): Clausius–Mossotti factor (-)

r: radius (m or μm)

SE: separation efficiency

SP: separation purity

t: time (s)

u: velocity of medium (m/s)

V: voltage (V)

W0: initial displacement along microchannel width (m or μm)

W: width (m or μm)

X: displacement vector (m or μm)

x: displacement in the x-direction (m)

y: displacement in the y-direction (m)

z: displacement in the z-direction (m)

Greek alphabet

ε: permittivity (-)

εo: permittivity of free space (F/m)

σ: conductivity (S/m)

ρ: density (kg/m3)

ω: operating frequency (rad/s)

Subscripts

2.5: 2.5 μm microparticle

5: 5 μm microparticle

ch: microchannel

cr: cross-over

Drag: drag

DEP: dielectrophoresis

e: entity

RMS: root mean square

m: medium