Table 8.
Relative risks (95% CIs) and certainty in the evidence for bridge formation after direct pulp-capping treatment on human pulp tissue.
| Comparison | Direct Comparison | Indirect Comparison | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relative Risk (95% CIs) | Evidence Level | Relative Risk (95% CIs) | Evidence Level | |
| Pro-Root MTA vs. Calcium-hydroxide (CH) powder | No studies available | Not available | 1.64 [0.98, 2.77] | MODERATE a |
| Pro-Root MTA vs. CH cements (Dycal, Life, Calcipast, …) | 0.39 [0.22, 0.67] ** | HIGH | 0.56 [0.42, 0.74] *** | HIGH |
| MTA-like cements (Pro-Root MTA, Angelus MTA, …) vs. CH powder | 1.50 [0.66, 3.43] 1 | VERY LOW 1 | 2.02 [1.21, 3.36] ** | MODERATE a |
| MTA-like cements vs. CH cements | 0.41 [0.23, 0.73] ** | HIGH | 0.59 [0.45, 0.78] *** | HIGH |
| MTA-like cements vs. ALL CH-based materials (CH cements + powder) | 0.66 [0.47, 0.92] * | HIGH | 0.80 [0.62, 1.03] | HIGH |
| CH cements vs. CH powder | Not available | Not available | 3.23 [2.00, 5.20] *** | MODERATE a |
| Calcium-silicate cements (Biodentine, iRoot, ...) vs. MTA-like cements | 0.84 [0.43, 1.65] | MODERATE a | 0.81 [0.47, 1.40] | MODERATE a |
| Biodentine vs. Pro-Root MTA | 0.50 [0.04, 6.43] | VERY LOW 3 b | 0.86 [0.36, 2.02] | LOW b |
| Calcium-silicate cements vs. CH powder | Not available | Not available | 1.80 [0.95, 3.40] | LOW a b |
| Calcium-silicate cements vs. CH cements | 0.25 [0.10, 0.62] ** 2 | VERY LOW 2 | 0.47 [0.15, 1.44] | LOW a b |
| Resin-based vs. resin-free materials | 3.69 [2.23, 6.12] *** | HIGH a | Not performed 4 | Not performed |
1 Only one study available for direct comparison between MTA-like cements vs. CH powder [52]. 2 Only 1 study available for direct comparison between calcium-silicate cements vs. CH cements [107]. 3 Only two studies available for direct comparison between Biodentine vs. Pro-Root MTA [104,106]. 4 The direct comparison was strong enough (13 studies). a Level of the evidence downgraded one level due to high risk of bias in all studies. b Level of the evidence downgraded one level due to high risk of bias in all studies and imprecision. * The result is statistically significant (p < 0.05); ** The result is statistically significant ( p <0.01); *** The result is statistically significant (p < 0.001 or lower).