| AEM | anion-exchange membrane |
| CEM | cation-exchange membrane |
| CV | Current-Voltage |
| ED | electrodialysis |
| EDNF | ElectroDialysis with nanofiltration membrane |
| IEM | ion exchange membrane |
| EVs | electroconvective vortices |
| NF | nanofiltration |
| AEM | anion-exchange membrane |
| CEM | cation-exchange membrane |
| CV | Current-Voltage |
| ED | electrodialysis |
| EDNF | ElectroDialysis with nanofiltration membrane |
| IEM | ion exchange membrane |
| EVs | electroconvective vortices |
| NF | nanofiltration |