Table 1.
Biological assays of Genista tridentata extracts.
| Plant Part | Solvent | Activity Tested | Method | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerial parts | Ethanol and water | Antioxidant (ethanol, IC50 = 60.39 ± 1.79 μg/mL; water, IC50 = 42.97 ± 1.69 μg/mL) | DPPH scavenging β-Carotene bleaching test |
[24] |
| Flowers, stems and leaves |
Methanol | Antioxidant (flowers, IC50 = 26.1 ± 1.3 mg/L; stems and leaves, IC50 = 69.7 ± 11.9 mg/L) | DPPH scavenging β-Carotene bleaching test |
[25] |
| Flowers | Methanol | Antioxidant | DPPH scavenging (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.01 mg/mL) β-Carotene bleaching test (IC50 = 0.14 ± 0.02 mg/mL) Reducing power (IC50 = 0.13 ± 0.00 mg/mL) TBARS inhibition (IC50 = 0.12 ± 0.02 mg/mL) |
[26] |
| Flowers and leaves | Hydroethanolic | Antioxidant (flowers, IC50 = 1016 mg/L; leaves, IC50 = 704 mg/L | DPPH scavenging β-Carotene bleaching test Reducing power ABTS scavenging |
[27] |
| Purchased plant material |
Water | Antioxidant (%AA = 169.5 ± 17.2) | β-Carotene bleaching test ABTS scavenging |
[28] |
| Purchased plant material |
Methanol | Antioxidant | DPPH scavenging (IC50 = 0.18 ± 0.01 mg/mL) β-Carotene bleaching test (IC50 = 0.48 ± 0.09 mg/mL) Reducing power (IC50 = 0.11 ± 0.00 mg/mL) TBARS inhibition (IC50 = 1.18 ± 0.06 mg/mL) |
[29] |
| Purchased plant material |
Hot water | Antioxidant | DPPH scavenging (IC50 = 50 ± 1 μg/mL) β-Carotene bleaching test (IC50 = 266 ± 25 μg/mL) Reducing power (IC50 = 105 ± 2 μg/mL) TBARS inhibition (IC50 = 93 ± 4 μg/mL) |
[30] |
| Flowers | Hot water | Antioxidant (TABARS, IC50 = 8.4 ± 0.2 μg/mL; OxHLIA, IC50 = 37.7 ± 0.9 μg/mL) | TBARS inhibition Oxidative haemolysis inhibition |
[31] |
| Flowers | Hydromethanolic | Antifungal (Candida albicans, 10 mm inhibition zone; Candida glabrata, 11 mm inhibition zone) | Disc diffusion test | [32] |
| Aerial parts | Hydromethanolic | Antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, MIC = 39.1 μg/mL) | Microplate bioassay | [33] |
| Flowers | Hot water | Antimicrobial (Escherichia coli, MIC = 0.5 mg/mL; Salmonela typhimurium, MIC = 1 mg/mL; Bacillus cereus, MIC = 1 mg/mL; Listeria monocytogenes, MIC = 1 mg/mL; Aspergillus niger, MIC = 8 mg/mL; Aspergillus versicolor, MIC = 0.5 mg/mL; Penicillium funiculosum, MIC = 0.5 mg/mL; Penicillium verrucosum, MIC = 0.5 mg/mL) | Disc diffusion test | [31] |
| Flowers | Hot water | Cytotoxicity (HeLa, GI50 = 242 ± 10 μg/mL; HepG2, GI50 = 262 ± 11 μg/mL) | Against tumor cells HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7 and NCi-H460 and non-tumor cells PLP2 | [31] |
| Inflorescences | Hot water | Immunostimulatory (significant activity for 200 μg/mL) | Macrophage cell viability and NO production | [34] |
| Purchased plant material |
Water | Toxicity (non toxic at 375 mg/L) | MTT assay; mitochondrial swelling, | [28] |
| Flowers, leaves, stems and roots |
Ethanol | Toxicity (non toxic at 100 μg/mL) | Resazurin assay | [8] |
| Flowers | Hot water | Anti-inflammatory (>400 μg/mL) | Determination of LPS-induced NO production by Murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cell lines | [31] |
| Flowers, leaves, stems and roots |
Ethanol | Anti-inflammatory (significantat 100 μg/mL) | LPS-induced transcription of pro-inflammatory genes IL-1β, Nos2, Ptgs2, IL-6, and TNF-α; Western blot analysis | [8,35] |
AA, antioxidant activity; GI50, values correspond to the concentration that causes 50% inhibition of cell proliferation; IC50, values corresponded to the extract concentration that inhibits in 50% the oxidation and inflammatory process; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration.