Table 3. Single Products that Can be Produced Non-oxidatively from Glucose^a.

overall process	overall ΔGr′m
C6H12O6 → 6C (s) + 6H2O	–499
C6H12O6 → 3 acetate	–345
C6H12O6 → 2 3-hydroxypropanoate	–220
C6H12O6 → 1.2 glutarate +1.2H2O	–279

^aNote that three of these have been pre-selected as favored products compared with possible isomers (Table 1) or hydration/dehydration linked compounds (Table 2). Examples are C(s) over CH₂O, acetate over glycolaldehyde, and 3-hydroxypropanoate over lactate, dihydroxyacetone, and acrylate.